Table 1.
Factor structure of the 18-item short (CERQ-IS) and 36-item full (Full CERQ) versions of the CERQ. All the factor loadings obtained from the CFA solutions are reported in completely standardized metric and are statistically significant (p < 0.001). Abbreviations: CERQ, cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire; CERQ-IS, Italian short version of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire; IRI, item reliability index.
| Subscales and Items | CERQ-IS | Full CERQ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factor Loading | IRI | Factor Loading | IRI | |
| Self-blame | ||||
| I feel that I am the one to blame for it | 0.575 | 0.331 | ||
| I feel that I am the one who is responsible for what has happened | 0.639 | 0.409 | 0.751 | 0.563 |
| I think about the mistakes I have made in this matter | 0.624 | 0.390 | ||
| I think that basically the cause must lie within myself | 0.866 | 0.751 | 0.703 | 0.494 |
| Acceptance | ||||
| I think that I have to accept that this has happened | 0.935 | 0.874 | 0.818 | 0.670 |
| I think that I have to accept the situation | 0.835 | 0.697 | 0.955 | 0.912 |
| I think that I cannot change anything about it | 0.182 | 0.033 | ||
| I think that I must learn to live with it | 0.428 | 0.183 | ||
| Rumination | ||||
| I often think about how I feel about what I have experienced | 0.704 | 0.496 | 0.644 | 0.415 |
| I am preoccupied with what I think and feel about what I have experienced | 0.698 | 0.488 | 0.728 | 0.530 |
| I want to understand why I feel the way I do about what I have experienced | 0.694 | 0.482 | ||
| I dwell upon the feelings the situation has evoked in me | 0.748 | 0.559 | ||
| Positive refocusing | ||||
| I think of nicer things than what I have experienced | 0.730 | 0.532 | ||
| I think of pleasant things that have nothing to do with it | 0.789 | 0.622 | 0.805 | 0.648 |
| I think of something nice instead of what has happened | 0.883 | 0.780 | 0.867 | 0.751 |
| I think about pleasant experiences | 0.845 | 0.714 | ||
| Refocus on planning | ||||
| I think of what I can do best | 0.868 | 0.753 | ||
| I think about how I can best cope with the situation | 0.878 | 0.771 | ||
| I think about how to change the situation | 0.762 | 0.580 | 0.727 | 0.529 |
| I think about a plan of what I can do best | 0.787 | 0.619 | 0.737 | 0.543 |
| Positive reappraisal | ||||
| I think I can learn something from the situation | 0.780 | 0.609 | 0.623 | 0.388 |
| I think that I can become a stronger person as a result of what has happened | 0.737 | 0.543 | 0.621 | 0.385 |
| I think that the situation also has its positive sides | 0.929 | 0.864 | ||
| I look for the positive sides to the matter | 0.887 | 0.787 | ||
| Putting into perspective | ||||
| I think that it all could have been much worse | 0.705 | 0.498 | ||
| I think that other people go through much worse experiences | 0.857 | 0.735 | ||
| I think that it hasn’t been too bad compared to other things | 0.810 | 0.656 | 0.806 | 0.649 |
| I tell myself that there are worse things in life | 0.867 | 0.752 | 0.867 | 0.751 |
| Catastrophizing | ||||
| I often think that what I have experienced is much worse than what others have experienced | 0.362 | 0.131 | ||
| I keep thinking about how terrible it is what I have experienced | 0.877 | 0.770 | 0.882 | 0.778 |
| I often think that what I have experienced is the worst that can happen to a person | 0.517 | 0.267 | ||
| I continually think how horrible the situation has been | 0.857 | 0.735 | 0.854 | 0.729 |
| Other-blame | ||||
| I feel that others are to blame for it | 0.664 | 0.440 | ||
| I feel that others are responsible for what has happened | 0.885 | 0.784 | 0.897 | 0.804 |
| I think about the mistakes others have made in this matter | 0.735 | 0.540 | ||
| I feel that basically the cause lies with others | 0.667 | 0.444 | 0.655 | 0.429 |