Table 1.

The principal chemical structure of HCQAs.

Abbreviation	Chemical Name of Compound (Trivial Name)	R1	R2	R3	R4
5-CQA	5-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid)	H	H	H	C
5-FQA	5-feruloylquinic acid	H	H	H	F
5-p-CoQA	5-p-coumaroylquinic acid	H	H	H	p-Co
5-SQA	5-sinapoylquinic acid	H	H	H	S
4-CQA	4-caffeoylquinic acid (cryptochlorogenic acid)	H	H	C	H
4-FQA	4-feruloylquinic acid	H	H	F	H
4-p-CoQA	4-p-coumaroylquinic acid	H	H	p-Co	H
4-SQA	4-sinapoylquinic acid	H	H	S	H
3-CQA	3-caffeoylquinic acid (neochlorogenic acid)	H	C	H	H
3-FQA	3-feruloylquinic acid	H	F	H	H
3-p-CoQA	3-p-coumaroylquinic acid	H	p-Co	H	H
3-SQA	3-sinapoylquinic acid	H	S	H	H
1-CQA	1-caffeoylquinic acid (pseudochlorogenic acid)	C	H	H	H
1-FQA	1-feruoylquinic acid	F	H	H	H
1-p-CoQA	1-p-coumaroylquinic acid	p-Co	H	H	H
1-SQA	1-sinapoylquinic acid	S	H	H	H
3,4-diCQA	3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid	H	C	C	H
3,4-diFQA	3,4-diferuloylquinic acid	H	F	F	H
3,4-di-p-CoQA	3,4-di-p-coumaroylquinic acid	H	p-Co	p-Co	H
4-SQA	4-sinapoylquinic acid	H	H	S	H
5-SQA	5-sinapoylquinic acid	H	H	H	S
3-S-5-CQA	3-sinapoyl-5-caffeoylquinic acid	H	S	H	C
3-S-4-CQA	3-sinapoyl-4-caffeoylquinic acid	H	S	C	H
4-S-3-CQA	4-sinapoyl-3-caffeoylquinic acid	H	C	S	H
3-S-5-FQA	3-sinapoyl-5-feruloylquinic acid	H	S	H	F
3-F-4-SQA	3-feruloyl-4-sinapoylquinic acid	H	F	S	H
4-S-5-FQA	4-sinapoyl-5-feruloylquinic acid	H	H	S	F
4,5-diCQA	4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid	H	H	C	C
3,5-diCQA	3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (isochlorogenic acid A)	H	C	H	C
3,5-diFQA	3,5-diferuloylquinic acid	H	F	H	F
3,5-di-p-CoQA	3,5-di-p-coumaroylquinic acid	H	p-C	H	p-Co
3-C-5-p-CoQA	3-caffeoyl-5-p-coumaroylquinic acid	H	C	H	p-Co
3-C-5-FQA	3-caffeoyl-5-feruloylquinic acid	H	C	H	F
3-C-5-SQA	3-caffeoyl-5-sinapoylquinic acid	H	C	H	S
1,5-diCQA	1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (cynarin)	C	H	H	C
1,4-diCQA	1,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid	C	H	C	H
3,4,5-triCQA	3,4,5-tricaffeoylquinic acid	H	C	C	C
1,3,5-triCQA	1,3,5-tricaffeoylquinic acid	C	C	H	C
4-F-5-CQA	4-feruloyl-5-caffeoylquinic acid	H	H	F	C