| ACMG | American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics |
| AI | artificial intelligence |
| arrayCGH | array comparative genome hybridization |
| CRISPR | clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats |
| FISH | fluorescence in situ hybridization |
| HMW DNA | high-molecular-weight DNA |
| HPO | human phenome ontology |
| nCATS | nanopore Cas9-targeted sequencing |
| MS-MLPA | methylation-sensitive multiple ligation-based assay |
| NGS | next-generation sequencing |
| NIPT | noninvasive prenatal testing |
| OGM | optical genome mapping |
| ONT | nanopore-based sequencing |
| SNV | single nucleotide variation |
| SS | Sanger sequencing |
| STR | short tandem repeats |
| TORCH | toxoplasmosis, others, rubella, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus |