Skip to main content
. 2022 Dec 7;12(12):1829. doi: 10.3390/biom12121829

Figure 4.

Figure 4

The growth-suppression percentage for 8 mM butyrate produced from probiotics: (A) time-dependent growth suppression of Caco-2 cells and (B) growth suppression of Caco-2 and HIEC-6 cells by individual probiotic strains and a combination of L. paracasei SD1 and L. rhamnosus SD11 at 24 h. Lowercase letters indicate (A) statistical difference in growth suppression by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) at various times or (B) statistical difference in growth suppression of Caco-2 or HIEC-6 cells by individual probiotic strains (p < 0.05). Uppercase letters indicate statistical difference in growth suppression of either Caco-2 cells or HIEC-6 cells treated with SCFAs produced from each probiotic strain and a combination of L. paracasei SD1 and L. rhamnosus SD11 (p < 0.05). The statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the Mann–Whitney U test.