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Impact of redox level on the priming of T helper cells. High ROS level favors the commitment of CD4+ T cells (Th0) to Th1 cells that secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFNγ and IL2 to stimulate cytotoxic T cells, NK cells, and macrophages and switch on cellular immune responses. Low ROS level triggers the priming of Th0 cells to Th2 cells that release IL4/5/6/13 to activate B cells towards boosted humoral immune responses.
