Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 (capitals) prevented muscle atrophy and preserved muscle function after denervation in one year study (controls, small letters) [47]. Contracture upon maximal extension (rats in up-right position), control, left, injured leg contracture (red arrow) (a); BPC 157, right, injured leg without contracture (yellow arrow) (B). Gracilis muscle: control, left: non injured leg, non denervated (c), injured leg, denervated muscle (e); BPC 157, right: non injured leg, non denervated (D), injured leg, denervated muscle (F). Microscopy controls presented many smaller muscle fibers with centralized nuclei in muscles while BPC 157 presentation was not morphologically different from the healthy group.