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. 2022 Nov 24;12(12):1749. doi: 10.3390/biom12121749

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Activin A-mediated reduction in BG shedding is TGF-β type 1 receptor (ALK-4)-dependent but follistatin-independent. Epithelial 12Z cells were pre-incubated in the absence or presence of the ALK-4/5 inhibitor, LY364947 (10 µM) (A), or follistatin (200 ng/mL) for 2 h (B) or 30 min (C) prior to stimulation with activin A (25 ng/mL or 15 ng/mL) for 24 h and 48 h, or Activin A-follistatin mixture (C) for 24 h and supernatants were analyzed by sBG ELISAs. LY364947 completely abolished the reduction in BG shedding induced by activin A, whereas follistatin had no effect. Untreated cells or cells treated with DMSO (0.01%) were used as controls. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of 3 independent experiments performed in duplicate. Dunnett’s test was used for statistical analysis; *** p < 0.001; # < 0.0001; sBG, soluble betaglycan; Act A, activin A; FST, follistatin; mix, mixture.