Table 1.
Preoperative variables in patients with and without POPF.
| Preoperative Variables | POPF Group | Non-POPF Group | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 38) | (N = 165) | ||
| Age (years) | 73 (46–85) | 71 (34–88) | 0.435 |
| Sex | |||
| Male (%) | 25 (65.8%) | 94 (57.0%) | 0.32 |
| BMI | 23.2 (16.5–29.4) | 21.7 (14.0–32.1) | 0.042 |
| ASA classification | 0.393 | ||
| 1 or 2 | 36 (94.7%) | 151 (91.5%) | |
| 3 | 2 (5.3%) | 14 (8.5%) | |
| Diabetes Mellitus (%) | 14 (36.8%) | 52 (32.1%) | 0.567 |
| Pancreatic cancer (%) | 10 (26.3%) | 85 (51.5%) | |
| Ampullary cancer (%) | 6 (15.8%) | 12 (7.3%) | |
| Distal bile duct cancer (%) | 15 (39.5%) | 25 (15.2%) | |
| Duodenal cancer (%) | 2 (5.3%) | 2 (1.2%) | |
| IPMN (%) | 3 (7.9%) | 23 (13.9%) | |
| Others (%) | 2 (5.3%) | 18 (10.9%) | |
| Preoperative biliary drainage (%) | 29 (76.3%) | 128 (77.6%) | 0.833 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.8 (3.8–9.8) | 5.8 (4.3–11.9) | 0.594 |
| WBC (×103/μL) | 5.2 (3.0–11.7) | 5.1 (2.6–11.8) | 0.945 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 11.9 (9.0–16.2) | 12.3 (8.6–16.6) | 0.279 |
| Plt (×10⁴/μL) | 20.1 (10.1–38.5) | 22.2 (8.0–49.7) | 0.159 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 1.54 (0.02–9.55) | 0.09 (0.01–3.33) | <0.001 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 1.11(0.3–4.0) | 1.26 (0.2–10.0) | 0.610 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.4 (2.4–4.7) | 3.8 (2.2–4.7) | 0.001 |
| CAR | 0.48 (0.01–2.81) | 0.02 (0.002–1.18) | <0.001 |
POPF: Postoperative pancreatic fistula; BMI: Body mass index; CRP ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; IPMN: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm; CRP: C-reactive protein; CAR: CRP to Albumin ratio.