Table 3.
Overview of representative MRI studies. Major results are presented. AUC value was not mentioned unless described. Magnetic resonance imaging: MRI; short inversion time inversion-recovery: STIR; proton density weighted: PDW; slice encoding for metal artifact correction: SEMAC; view angle tilting: VAT; multi-acquisition variable-resonance image combination: MAVRIC; MAVRIC selective: MAVRIC SL; repetition time: TR; interclass correlation coefficient: ICC; positive predictive value: PPV; negative predictive value: NPV; total hip arthroplasty: THA.
| Modalities, Sequences | Subjects | Results | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Galley et al. [77] | 1.5 T system STIR-SEMAC |
40 patients with periprosthetic infections after THA Periosteal reaction, capsule edema, and intramuscular edema were evaluated. |
Sensitivities 78, 83, 95%, respectively, Specificities 90, 95, 86%, respectively, Accuracies 86, 91, 89%, respectively, Interobserver agreement ICC values 0.88–0.92 |
| Takahashi et al. [78] | 1.5 T system T1WI-SEMAC STIR-SEMAC PDW-SEMAC |
47 patients after THA Prosthesis loosening was evaluated. |
T1WI-SEMAC Sensitivity 72.7% Specificity 64.3% PPV 44.4%, NPV 85.7% STIR-SEMAC Sensitivity 90.9%, Specificity 46.4%, PPV 40.0%, NPV 92.9% PDW-SEMAC Sensitivity 36.3% Specificity 78.5% PPV 40.0%, NPV 75.8% |
| Jungman et al. [71] | 1.5T system Conventional MRI VAT VAT + SEMAC (STIR, T1W, T2W were taken for each group) |
25 malignant bone tumor patients after surgery (metal implants used) with clinical suspicion of tumor recurrence. | VAT + SEMAC reduced artifact diameters and distortions (p < 0.001). VAT + SEMAC improved diagnostic confidence (p < 0.05). Two cases of tumor recurrence were diagnosed. |
| Zochowski et al. [79] | 1.5T system Conventional MAVRIC SL Isotropic MAVRIC SL Reduced TR MAVRIC SL |
84 patients after THA | Isotropic MAVRIC SL and reduced TR MAVRIC SL decreased blurring and improved visualization of the synovium and the periprosthetic bone (p < 0.001). Isotropic MAVRIC SL was more effective than reduced-TR MAVRIC SL (p < 0.032). ICC values 0.61–1.00 |
| Kim et al. [74] | 3T system MAVRIC SL STIR STIR |
A cadaver 5 volunteers |
Cadaveric study MAVRIC SL STIR better visualized anatomic structures, less distortion and pile-up. Fat suppression was better with STIR. Interobserver agreement κ = 0.7 Volunteer study MAVRIC SL STIR better visualized anatomic structures, less distortion. Spinal cord was better depicted by STIR. Interobserver agreement κ = 0.89 |