TABLE 3.
Summary of forest plot analyses of the effect of zinc supplementation intake in infants and children aged ≤3 y on hemoglobin (g/L), analyzed by duration, chemical formula, and comparator group1
Group/subgroup | References | Mean difference | 95% CI | P | I 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Children receiving interventions for <3 mo by zinc dose | |||||
<5 mg/d | (48) | −5.40 | −24.21, 13.41 | NA | |
5–10 mg/d | (48, 73) | −5.26 | −8.98, −1.54 | 0 | |
10.1-20 mg/d | (51) | 0.40 | −3.67, 4.47 | NA | |
Overall | −3.13 | −6.82, 0.57 | 0.10 | 24 | |
Children receiving interventions for >3 mo by zinc dose | |||||
<5 mg/d | (8, 19, 34, 72) | 0.39 | −2.70, 3.48 | 33 | |
5–10 mg/d | (12, 13, 26, 29, 31, 35–40, 43, 47, 53, 62, 64, 65, 70–72) | −0.21 | −1.20, 0.77 | 63 | |
10.1–20 mg/d | (54, 58, 59) | −0.13 | −1.39, 1.12 | 0 | |
Zn bolus2 | (18, 28, 33) | −1.24 | −2.53, 0.06 | 0 | |
Overall | −0.25 | −1.00, 0.50 | 0.51 | 54 | |
Children receiving zinc through zinc sulfate by zinc dose | |||||
<5 mg/d | (8, 34, 48, 72) | 1.82 | −0.89, 4.53 | 0 | |
5–10 mg/d | (12, 13, 26, 29, 35, 39, 40, 47, 48, 65, 71, 72) | −0.97 | −2.51, 0.56 | 66 | |
10.1–20 mg/d | (54, 58, 59) | −0.03 | −1.54, 1.49 | 0 | |
Overall | −0.46 | −1.60, 0.68 | 0.43 | 54 | |
Children receiving zinc through zinc acetate by zinc dose | |||||
Zn bolus2 | (28, 33) | −1.30 | −2.62, 0.01 | 0 | |
Overall | −1.30 | −2.62, 0.01 | 0.05 | 0 | |
Children receiving zinc through an unstated approach by zinc dose | |||||
5–10 mg/d | (31, 36, 43, 53, 70) | 0.59 | −1.01, 2.18 | 66 | |
10.1–20 mg/d | (54) | −0.80 | −4.80, 3.20 | NA | |
Overall | 0.47 | −1.01, 1.96 | 0.53 | 0 | |
Children receiving zinc through an “other” approach by zinc dose | |||||
<5 mg/d | (19) | −5.10 | −10.24, 0.04 | NA | |
10.1–20 mg/d | (59) | 0.00 | −2.24, 2.24 | 0 | |
Overall | −1.06 | −3.73, 1.62 | 0.44 | 37 | |
Children receiving zinc vs. placebo by zinc dose | |||||
<5 mg/d | (19, 72) | −1.12 | −9.70, 7.47 | 73 | |
5–10 mg/d | (12, 13, 29, 36, 39, 40, 43, 47, 53, 64, 65, 70–72) | 0.25 | −1.11, 1.61 | 52 | |
10.1–20 mg/d | (58, 59) | −0.18 | −2.09, 1.73 | 0 | |
Zn bolus2 | (18, 28, 33) | −1.04 | −2.39, 0.31 | 0 | |
Overall | −0.10 | −1.10, 0.90 | 0.84 | 43 | |
Children receiving low- compared with high-dose zinc | |||||
5–10 mg/d | (43, 48, 72) | 0.35 | −1.89, 2.58 | 0 | |
Overall | 0.35 | −1.89, 2.58 | 0.76 | 0 |