Table 2.
Gene Ontology (TAIR) for selected antioxidative enzymes (A. thaliana). Localisation: Ap, apoplast; Ch, chloroplast; Cm, cytoplasm; Ct, cytosol; Cw, cell wall; En, endosome; Er, endoplasmic reticulum; Ga, Golgi apparatus; Mt, mitochondrion; N, nucleus; Nd, nucleoid; Pd, plasmodesma; Pm, plasma membrane; Px, peroxisome; R, ribosome; Sm, stroma; St, stromule; Sv, secretory vesicle; Th, thylakoid; V, vacuole. Blast hits: Arc, Archae; Bac, Bacteria; Met, Metazoa; Fun, Fungi; Pla, Plants; Vir, Vir; Euk, other Eukaryotes.
| Enzyme | Localisation | Biological Process, Response | Blast Hits | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FSD1, AT4G25100 Fe superoxide dismutase 1 |
Mt, Ch, Pm | oxidative stress, light, O3, Cd, Cu, circadian rhythm | Arc 798; Bac 22429; Met 974; Fun 991; Pla 531; Vir 0; Euc 9610 | [113] |
| FSD2, AT5G51100 Fe superoxide dismutase 2 |
Ch, Nd | UV | Arc 194; Bac 8106; Met 433; Fun 799; Pla 399; Vir 1; Euc 1590 | [114] |
| FSD3, AT5G23310 Fe superoxide dismutase 3 |
Ch, Nd | removal O2• − | Arc 0; Bac 0; Met 736; Fun 347; Pla 385; Vir 0; Euc 339 | [115] |
| CSD1, AT1G08830 Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 |
Ct, Cm, N | UV, O3, Cu, Fe, light, salt, sucrose, bacterium, gene silencing by miRNA | Arc 6; Bac 2000; Met 1249; Fun 303; Pla 666; Vir 142; Euc 339 | [116] |
| CAT1, AT1G20630 catalase 1 |
Mt, Ct, R, Cw, Px, Ch | multistress, photosynthesis, hypersensitive cell death, germination, stomata regulation, senescence, nutrients | Arc 22; Bac 4283; Met 677; Fun 546; Pla 461; Vir 0; Euc 119 | [117] |
| CAT2, AT4G35090 catalase 2 |
Mt, Ct, R, St, Px | multistress, redox, N, P, S, photoperiod, heavy metals, cold, heat, light, senescence, cell death, pathogen | Arc 22; Bac 4292; Met 675; Fun 546; Pla 461; Vir 0; Euc 118 | [118,119] |
| CAT3,AT1G20620 catalase 3 |
Ap, Ch, Cm, Ct, R, N, V, Cw, Mt, Px, Pm, Pd | N, P, S starvation, senescence, cold, drought, viruses, light | Arc 12; Bac 1396; Met 17338; Fun 3422; Pla 5037; Vir 0; Euc 2996 | [120,121,122] |
| APX1, AT1G07890 ascorbate peroxidase 1 |
Ct, Cw, Ch, Pm | embryo, seed development, lignin biosynthesis, heat, heavy metals, multistress, photosynthesis, SAA, SAR | Arc 75; Bac 2912; Met 21; Fun 794; Pla 3291; Vir 0; Euc 1718 | [123,124] |
| APX2, AT3G09640 ascorbate peroxidase 2 |
Ct, Ch | photosynthesis, SAA, SAR | Arc 55; Bac 2395; Met 20; Fun 832; Pla 3373; Vir 0; Euc 1764 | [125,126] |
| APX3, AT4G35000 ascorbate peroxidase 3 |
Ct, Px, V, Mt, Ch, Pm, Pd | growth, development | Arc 86; Bac 3261; Met 20; Fun 794; Pla 3685; Vir 0; Euc 2017 | [127,128] |
| APX5, AT4G35970 ascorbate peroxidase 5 |
Ch, Mt, Px, Pm | growth, development | Arc 103; Bac 4136; Met 9; Fun 795; Pla 3885; Vir 0; Euc 2440 | [127,128] |
| APX6, AT4G32320 ascorbate peroxidase 6 |
Ch, Ct | seed germination, maturation | Arc 53; Bac 2233; Met 2; Fun 806; Pla 4037; Vir 0; Euc 933 | [129,130] |
| TAPX, AT1G77490 thylakoidal ascorbate peroxidase |
Ch, Th | retrograde signalling, cold acclimation, H2O2 signalling, response to ROS | Arc 55; Bac 2313; Met 5; Fun 620; Pla 3345; Vir 0; Euc 1471 | [123,131] |
| SAPX, AT4G08390 stromal ascorbate peroxidase |
Ch, Sm, Mt | response to oxidative stress, oxidation reduction | Arc 60; Bac 2389; Met 388; Fun 725; Pla 3386; Vir 0; Euc 2849 | [132] |
| GPX1, AT2G25080 glutathione peroxidase 1 |
Ch, V | photooxidative tolerance and immune responses | Arc 2; Bac 4003; Met 799; Fun 210; Pla 390; Vir 8; Euc 2484 | [133,134] |
| GPX2, AT2G31570 glutathione peroxidase 2 |
Cm, N, Px, Pm | salicylic acid binding | Arc 2; Bac 3597; Met 796; Fun 210; Pla 383; Vir 8; Euc 2467 | [133] |
| GPX3, AT2G43350 glutathione peroxidase 3 |
Ga, Ch, Ct, Er, En, Mt |
Arc 2; Bac 3505; Met 790; Fun 210; Pla 383; Vir 8; Euc 2426 | [133,135] | |
| GPX4, AT2G48150 glutathione peroxidase 4 |
Ct | Arc 2; Bac 3554; Met 785; Fun 210; Pla 383; Vir 8; Euc 2404 | [133,135] | |
| GPX5, AT3G63080 glutathione peroxidase 5 |
Ch, Ct, En, Er, Pm | Arc 2; Bac 3480; Met 788; Fun 210; Pla 381; Vir 8; Euc 2433 | [133,135] | |
| GPX6, AT4G11600 glutathione peroxidase 6 |
Ch, Ct, Mt, Pm | Pb | Arc 2; Bac 3728; Met 790; Fun 210; Pla 383; Vir 8; Euc 2480 | [136] |
| GPX7, AT4G31870 glutathione peroxidase 7 |
Ch | immune responses | Arc 4; Bac 4124; Met 797; Fun 210; Pla 405; Vir 8; Euc 2493 | [134] |
| GPX8, AT1G63460 glutathione peroxidase 8 |
Cm, N | DNA protection | Arc 2; Bac 3448; Met 795; Fun 210; Pla 387; Vir 8; Euc 2414 | [137,138] |
| PRXCA, AT3G49110 peroxidase CA |
Ct, Ap, Cw, V, Sv | pattern-triggered immunity | Arc 0; Bac 0; Met 3; Fun 31; Pla 4239; Vir 0; Euc 49 | [57,139] |
| PRXCB, AT3G49120 peroxidase CB |
Ga, Ap, Cw, Ct, V, Sv | pattern recognition receptor signalling pathway, light, unidimensional cell growth | Arc 0; Bac 0; Met 4; Fun 24; Pla 4218; Vir 0; Euc 36 | [57,139] |
| Prx37, AT4G08770 peroxidase superfamily protein |
Ap, V | growth, differentiation | Arc 0; Bac 0; Met 3; Fun 40; Pla 4262; Vir 0; Euc 43 | [140,141] |
| PRX52, AT5G05340 peroxidase superfamily protein |
Ga, Ap, Cw | xylem, lignification | Arc 0; Bac 0; Met 736; Fun 347; Pla 385; Vir 0; Euc 339 | [142,143] |
| PRXR1, AT4G21960 peroxidase superfamily protein |
Cw | lignification, defence | Arc 12; Bac 1396; Met 17338; Fun 3422; Pla 5037; Vir 0; Euc 2996 | [143] |
| PA2, AT5G06720 peroxidase 2 |
Ga, Ap | cell elongation, defence | Arc 0; Bac 0; Met 736; Fun 347; Pla 385; Vir 0; Euc 339 | [144] |
| TPX1, AT1G65980 thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase 1 |
Ch, Cm, Ct, N, Pm | Arc 11; Bac 1524; Met 175; Fun 308; Pla 230; Vir 0; Euc 1734 | [145,146] | |
| TPX2, AT1G65970 thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase 2 |
Cm | Arc 11; Bac 1524; Met 175; Fun 308; Pla 235; Vir 0; Euc 1742 | [147] |