Table 1.
Protocol of MRI Sequences.
| Sequence | TA (mins) | Voxel Size (mm³) | TR (ms) | TE (ms) | FA | FOV (mm²) | AM | ST (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Native | ||||||||
| Transverse diffusion-weighted sequence (DTI) † | 5:28 | 2.0 × 2.0 × 2.0 | 9600 | 92 | 90° | 250 × 250 | 128 × 100% | 2 |
| Native transverse T1-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo sequence (T1-MPRAGE) | 3:37 | 0.9 × 0.9 × 1.0 | 2210 | 3 | 8° | 220 × 179 | 256 × 100% | 1 |
| Coronal T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) | 3:14 | 0.7 × 0.7 × 3.0 | 8000 | 87 | 150° | 220 × 172 | 320 × 70% | 3 |
| Transverse gradient-echo susceptibility-weighted imaging sequence (SWI) | 3:04 | 0.9 × 0.9 × 1.8 | 27 | 20 | 15° | 220 × 172 | 256 × 90% | 1.8 |
| Transverse Hydrogen 1 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) †† | 6:53 | 10.0 × 10.0 × 15.0 | 1700 | 135 | 90 | 160 × 160 | n.a. | 15 |
| Gadolinium contrast agent application | ||||||||
| Transverse dynamic T2*-weighted susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion (in case of glioblastoma) ††† | 1:42 | 0.9 × 0.9 × 4.0 | 1600 | 30 | 90° | 220 × 220 | 128 × 100% | 4 |
| Transverse T2-weighted turbo-spin echo sequence (T2 TSE) | 3:13 | 0.6 × 0.6 × 2.0 | 5800 | 95 | 150° | 220 × 179 | 384 × 70% | 2 |
| Post-contrast transverse T1-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo sequence (MPRAGE) | 3:37 | 0.9 × 0.9 × 1.0 | 2210 | 3 | 8° | 220 × 179 | 256 × 100% | 1 |
| Post-contrast sagittal T1 SPACE fat sat dark blood sequences (in case of metastases) | 5:55 | 1.0 × 1.0 × 1.6 | 600 | 9.5 | variable | 256 × 256 | 256 × 90% | 1 |
| 80 min after contrast agent application | ||||||||
| Post-contrast transverse T1-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo sequence (MPRAGE) †††† | 3:37 | 0.9 × 0.9 × 1.0 | 2210 | 3 | 8° | 220 × 179 | 256 × 100% | 1 |
† b-factors: 0/1000 s/mm2; 30 diffusion directions; †† Standard mode is given; MR sequence needs to be individually adapted to the pathology and anatomy of each patient; ††† A standard single dose (3 mL/s, 0.1 mL/kg) of gadobutrol 604 mg/mL (1.0 mmol/mL) is injected intravenously using an automatic injection system 9 s after starting the DSC-MRI sequence. No preload contrast dose is administered. †††† Can be performed supplementarily to evaluate delayed contrast clearance versus accumulation; Abbreviations: TA: time of acquisition; TR: time to repetition; TE: time to echo; FA: flip angle; FOV: field of view; AM: acquisition matrix; ST: slice thickness and n.a.: not applicable.