Table 1. Descriptive summary of the included 35 studies.
| General character | No. of studies (%) |
|---|---|
| Study design | |
| Prospective | 24 (68.6%) |
| Retrospective | 6 (17.1%) |
| Case–Control | 5 (14.3%) |
| Sample size | |
| <1000 | 3 (8%) |
| 1000–5000 | 16 (46%) |
| >5000 | 16 (46%) |
| Origin of sample | |
| Australasia | 2 (6%) |
| Asia | 1 (3%) |
| Europe | 14 (40%) |
| America | 18 (51%) |
| Quality grade of study | |
| High (NOS≥6) | 30 (86%) |
| Low (NOS<6) | 5 (14%) |
| Exposure character | |
| Maternal exposure | |
| Overweight | 31 (89%) |
| Obesity | 32 (91%) |
| Overweight/Obesity | 3 (9%) |
| Paternal exposure | |
| Overweight | 4 (11%) |
| Obesity | 5 (14%) |
| Overweight/Obesity | 1 (3%) |
| Outcome character | |
| ADHD | 10 (29%) |
| ASD | 15 (43%) |
| Cognitive/intellectual delay | 7 (20%) |
| Behavioral problems | 9 (26%) |
| Other mental diseases | 14 (40%) |
Note: NOS, Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale; ADHD, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder; ASD, Autism Spectrum Disorder.