Figure 1.

Treatment of cardiomyocytes with conditioned medium of LPS-stimulated macrophages results in an elevated IL-6 concentration and relative IL-6 and TNFα mRNA expression. Cardiomyocytes exposed to either 0.01, 1, or 5 µg/mL LPS or conditioned medium of macrophages stimulated in the presence (R^LPS+) or absence (R^LPS−) of 10 ng/mL LPS for 6 h compared with unstimulated cells were analyzed regarding (a) IL-6 protein concentrations utilizing ELISA, (b) relative IL-6 and (c) TNFα mRNA expression measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Data are presented as a column bar graph as the mean ± SD (all n = 3). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test was used for multiple comparisons. ** p < 0.01; LPS = lipopolysaccharide; IL-6 = interleukin-6; TNFα = tumor necrosis factor alpha.