| Seco | secoisolariciresinol |
| Pino | pinoresinol |
| Mat | matairesinol |
| Ses | sesamin |
| Syr | syringaresinol |
| Lari | lariciresinol |
| SDG | secoisolariciresinol diglucoside |
| END | enterodiol |
| ENL | enterolactone |
| PAMPs | pathogen-associated molecular patterns |
| PRRs | pattern recognition receptors |
| TLRs | toll-like receptors |
| TAK1 | TGF-b-activated kinase 1 |
| NF | nuclear factor |
| AP | activator protein |
| p65 | Rel A |
| IKK | IκB kinase |
| MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| ERK | extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| Bcl-2 | B-cell lymphoma 2 |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
| CSF1 | colony stimulating factor 1 |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| IL-6 | interleukin-6 |
| O2* | superoxide |
| HO* | hydroxyl |
| H2O2 | hydrogen peroxide |
| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease |
| SOD | superoxide dismutase |
| CAT | catalase |
| MDA | malondialdehyde |
| Nrf2 | nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 |
| ARE element | AU-rich element |
| HO-1 | heme oxygenase-1 |
| NSAIDs | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| COXs | cyclo-oxygenases |
| JAK | janus family tyrosine k |
| STAT | signal transducers and activator |
| IL-1β | interleukin-1 beta |
| iNOS | inducible nitric oxide synthase |
| DSS | dextran-sulfate sodium-salt |
| NLRP1 | NLR family pyrin domain containing 1 |
| IL-8 | interleukin 8 |
| LH | luteinizing hormone |
| FSH | follicle stimulating hormone |
| ERα | estrogen receptor alpha |
| ERβ | estrogen receptor beta |
| eNOS | endothelial nitric oxide synthase |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| HDL | high density lipoprotein |
| LDL | low density lipoprotein |
| PAF-AH | platelet activating factor-acetyl hydrolase |
| OVX | ovariectomy |
| TC | total cholesterol |
| TG | triglyceride |
| IL-22 | interleukin-22 |
| MCP-1 | monocyte chemoatrractant protein-1 |
| LDH | lactate dehyrogenase |
| CK | creatine phosphokinase |
| SLC7A11 | solute carrier family 7 member 11 |
| GPX4 | glutathione peroxidase 4 |
| TRPV1 | transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 |
| PKA | protein kinase A |
| Akt | protein kinase B |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| ICAM-1 | intracellular adhesion molecule-1 |
| OSX | osterix |
| SOX9 | SRY-box9 |
| RUNX2 | runt-related transcription factor 2 |
| ALP | alkaline phosphatase |
| OPN | osteopontin |
| OCN | osteocalcin |
| M-CSF | macrophage-colony stimulating factor |
| RANKL | receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand |
| NFATc1 | nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 |
| CTSK | cathepsin K |
| MMP-9 | matrix metalloprotease-9 |
| CTX-1 | C-telopeptide of collagen Type 1 |
| OPG | osteoprotegerin |
| RUNX2 | runt-related transcription factor 2 |
| OCN | osteocalcin |
| Wnt | wingless-related integration site |
| GSK3β | glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta |
| TRAP | tartrate resistant acid phosphatase |
| BMP2 | bone morphogenetic protein 2 |
| 5-HT | serotonin |
| MAO | monoamine oxidase |
| CUMS | chronic unpredictable mild stress |
| BDNF | brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
| ULK1/2 | UNC51-like autophagy activating kinase 1/2 |
| HIF-1α | hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha |
| AIF | apoptosis-inducing factor |
| AR | androgen receptor |
| DHT | dihydrotestosterone |
| CRPC | castration-resistant prostate cancer |
| PI3K | phosphoinositide 3-kinase |