| AMV | 5′-nontranslated region of RNA 4 of the alfalfa mosaic virus |
| ER | endoplasmic reticulum |
| GFP | Green fluorescent protein |
| HEV | Hepatitis E virus |
| M2e | extracellular domain of membrane protein M2 of influenza A virus |
| PBS | Phosphate buffered saline |
| PVX | Potato virus X |
| RBD | Receptor Binding Domain of the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 |
| SARS-CoV-2 | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
| SP | signal peptide |
| VLP | virus-like particle |