Figure 5.

Migration and invasion analysis using the transwell assay in vemurafenib (PLX)-resistant melanoma cells treated with 3-bromopyruvate (3BP) for 24 h. PLX-resistant melanoma cells were treated with IC₂₅ or IC₅₀ 3BP, either alone or in combination with PLX (4.5 µM for A375R cells and 6.0 µM for SKMEL28R cells), for 24 h. (a) representative migratory PLX-resistant melanoma cells stained with hematoxylin and eosin; (b) graphic representation of migratory cell count; (c) representative invasive PLX-resistant melanoma cells stained with hematoxylin and eosin; (d) graphic representation of invasive cell count. Data were normalized to the vehicle control (100%). Dark gray represents A375R cells; light gray represents SKMEL28R cells. The positive signs in the bar charts indicate the presence of a defined treatment. Data represent the mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments performed in triplicate. ** p ≤ 0.01; *** p ≤ 0.001; **** p ≤ 0.0001.