. 2022 Dec 8;19(24):16450. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416450

Table 6.

Secondary outcome comparisons between and within each group (ITT population).

Variable	Observed Value			Change from the Baseline
Variable	CG (n = 26)	EG (n = 26)	p **	CG (n = 26)	p *	EG (n = 26)	p *	p **
Grip Force (R), Nm
visit 2	20.59 ± 2.83	19.97 ± 2.80	0.439	0.79 ± 2.94	0.192	2.58 ± 1.44	0.000	0.010
visit 4	21.38 ± 3.47	22.55 ± 3.28	0.221	0.79 ± 2.94	0.192	2.58 ± 1.44	0.000	0.010
Grip Force (L), Nm
visit 2	19.51 ± 2.79	19.34 ± 3.71	0853	1.15 ± 2.87	0.057	2.85 ± 2.39	0.000	0.025
visit 4	20.66 ± 3.12	22.19 ± 3.62	0.112	1.15 ± 2.87	0.057	2.85 ± 2.39	0.000	0.025
Total Body Fat, %
visit 2	37.63 ± 4.63	35.05 ± 6.51	0.066	0.66 ± 1.53	0.037	0.83 ± 1.09	0.001	0.674
visit 4	38.29 ± 4.65	35.88 ± 6.37	0.074	0.66 ± 1.53	0.037	0.83 ± 1.09	0.001	0.674
Visceral Fat Area, cm²
visit 2	121.58 ± 30.87	107.59 ± 39.33	0.160	9.54 ± 15.84	0.008	9.68 ± 7.78	0.000	0.968
visit 4	131.30 ± 28.53	117.27 ± 40.96	0163	9.54 ± 15.84	0.008	9.68 ± 7.78	0.000	0.968
ASM/height²
visit 2	2.59 ± 0.26	2.65 ± 0.24	0.428	−0.02 ± 0.11	0.465	−0.01 ± 0.12	0.696	0.839
visit 4	2.58 ± 0.26	2.64 ± 0.22	0.357	−0.02 ± 0.11	0.465	−0.01 ± 0.12	0.696	0.839
ASM/weight x100
visit 2	10.40 ± 0.74	10.83 ± 1.03	0.085	0.18 ± 0.46	0.053	−0.10 ± 0.53	0.379	0.580
visit 4	10.22 ± 0.66	10.73 ± 0.91	0.023	0.18 ± 0.46	0.053	−0.10 ± 0.53	0.379	0.580
IGF-1 (ng/mL)
visit 2	105.75 ± 30.12	109.54 ± 44.92	0.733	7.03 ± 24.64	0.176	11.80 ± 22.77	0.013	0.422
visit 4	112.77 ± 27.23	122.13 ± 45.41	0.391	7.03 ± 24.64	0.176	11.80 ± 22.77	0.013	0.422
hsCRP
visit 2	0.15 ± 0.25	0.16 ± 0.35	0.830	−0.03 ± 0.16	0.371	0.05 ± 0.33	0.440	0.276
visit 4	0.12 ± 0.11	0.22 ± 0.68	0.463	−0.03 ± 0.16	0.371	0.05 ± 0.33	0.440	0.276
EQ-5D-3L
visit 2	0.827 ± 0.187	0.783 ± 0.205	0.426	0.041 ± 0.148	0.169	0.066 ± 0.128	0.014 *	0.524
visit 4	0.868 ± 0.179	0.849 ± 0.164	0.688	0.041 ± 0.148	0.169	0.066 ± 0.128	0.014 *	0.524

p *: Values were compared within each group; p **: values were compared between groups.