| PTOX | Podophyllotoxin |
| CPT | Camptothecin |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| IL-1 | Interleukin 1 |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor |
| NO | Nitric oxide |
| EGCG | Epigallocatechin gallate |
| NSCLC | Non-small-cell lung carcinoma |
| PKC | Protein kinase C |
| FDA | US Food and Drug Administration |
| MAPs | Microtubule associated proteins |
| MIPs | Microtubule interacting proteins |
| PTMs | Post translational modifications |
| STAT3 | Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription-3 |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| UCP-2 | Uncoupling protein 2 |
| TLR-4 | Toll like receptor 4 |
| JNK/SAPK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase |
| EPC | Endothelial progenitor cells |
| MAPKs | Mitogen-activated protein kinases |
| TME | Tumor microenvironment |
| ERK1/2 | Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase |
| NPs | Nanoparticles |
| CPT-11,4 | Irinotecan |
| CKD-602,5 | Belotecan |
| HCPT | 10-hydroxycamptothecin |
| DMEP | 4’-demethylepipodophyllotoxin |
| PPP | Picropodophyllotoxin |
| IGF-1R | Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor |
| IR | Insulin receptor |
| pErk1/2 | Phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 |
| IM | Ingenol mebutate |
| HHT | Homoharringtonine |
| CMML | Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia |
| EGF | Epidermal growth factor |
| FOXO3a | Fork head box O3a |
| GSK3 | Glycogen synthase kinase 3 |
| HUVECs | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells |
| CDC | The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| CXCL-1,2 | C-X-C motif ligands 1 and 2 |