Table 1.
Twenty-seven European countries and alcohol regulations.
| Country | National Legislation in the Workplace | Medical Examination |
Alcohol Test |
Sanction | Require Testing |
Allow Testing | BAC% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | N.D. |
| Belgium | Yes | Yes | Yes | N.D. | No | Yes | N.D. |
| Bulgaria | Yes | N.D. | Yes | Yes | Yes | N.D. | N.D. |
| Croatia | Yes | Yes | Yes | N.D. | No | Yes | N.D. |
| Cyprus | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | N.D. |
| Czech Republic | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | N.D. |
| Denmark | Yes | N.D. | Yes | N.D. | No | Yes | N.D. |
| Estonia | Yes | N.D. | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | N.D. |
| Finland | Yes | Yes | Yes | N.D. | No | Yes | N.D. |
| France | Yes | N.D. | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | N.D. |
| Germany | Yes | N.D. | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | N.D. |
| Greece | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
| Hungary | Yes | N.D. | Yes | N.D. | Yes | No | N.D. |
| Ireland | Yes * | N.D. | Yes | N.D. | No | Yes | N.D. |
| Italy | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | 0.00 |
| Latvia | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | N.D. |
| Lithuania | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | 0.02 |
| Luxembourg | Yes * | Yes | Yes | N.D. | N.D. | Yes | N.D. |
| Malta | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
| Netherlands | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
| Poland | Yes | N.D. | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | N.D. |
| Portugal | Yes * | Yes | Yes | N.D. | No | Yes | N.D. |
| Romania | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
| Slovak Republic | Yes | Yes | Yes | N.D. | No | Yes | N.D. |
| Slovenia | Yes | N.D. | N.D. | Yes | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
| Spain | Yes | N.D. | N.D. | Yes | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
| Sweden | Yes * | N.D. | Yes | N.D. | N.D. | Yes | N.D. |
* Company’s internal policies, N.D.: Not detected in literature review; BAC%: Blood alcohol concentration limit for workers (ETSC: European Transport Safety Council).