Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Molnupiravir plus usual care (n=12 774) | Usual care (n=12 934) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 56·7 (12·5) | 56·5 (12·7) | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 7422 (58%) | 7631 (59%) | ||
| Male | 5349 (42%) | 5299 (41%) | ||
| Other | 3 (<1%) | 4 (<1%) | ||
| Days from symptom onset to randomisation | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | ||
| Days from randomisation to molnupiravir receipt* | 1 (1–1) | .. | ||
| Days from symptom onset to taking molnupiravir† | 3 (3–5) | .. | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||
| White | 12 043 (94%) | 12 155 (94%) | ||
| Asian | 365 (3%) | 434 (3%) | ||
| Mixed race | 202 (2%) | 189 (1%) | ||
| Black | 78 (1%) | 77 (1%) | ||
| Other | 86 (1%) | 79 (1%) | ||
| NHS priority category | ||||
| Age ≥80 years | 256 (2%) | 271 (2%) | ||
| Age 75–79 years | 537 (4%) | 574 (4%) | ||
| Age 70–74 years or 18–69 years and clinically extremely vulnerable | 1116 (9%) | 1111 (9%) | ||
| Age 65–69 years, not clinically extremely vulnerable | 1493 (12%) | 1464 (11%) | ||
| Age 18–64 years and in an at-risk group | 6514 (51%) | 6576 (51%) | ||
| Age 60–64 years, not clinically extremely vulnerable or in an at-risk group | 745 (6%) | 766 (6%) | ||
| Age 55–59 years, not clinically extremely vulnerable or in an at-risk group | 994 (8%) | 1060 (8%) | ||
| Age 50–54 years, not clinically extremely vulnerable or in an at-risk group | 1119 (9%) | 1112 (9%) | ||
| Predicted risk quintile‡ | ||||
| 1 | 2483 (19%) | 2553 (20%) | ||
| 2 | 2672 (21%) | 2632 (20%) | ||
| 3 | 2511 (20%) | 2656 (21%) | ||
| 4 | 2774 (22%) | 2760 (21%) | ||
| 5 | 2334 (18%) | 2333 (18%) | ||
| Confirmed positive PCR test | 5936 (46%) | 5882 (45%) | ||
| Indices of multiple deprivation quintile§ | ||||
| 1 | 1231 (10%) | 1180 (9%) | ||
| 2 | 1907 (15%) | 1952 (15%) | ||
| 3 | 2563 (20%) | 2587 (20%) | ||
| 4 | 3203 (25%) | 3207 (25%) | ||
| 5 | 3821 (30%) | 3949 (31%) | ||
| Data unavailable | 49 (<1%) | 59 (<1%) | ||
| COVID-19 vaccine doses | ||||
| At least one | 12 632 (99%) | 12 803 (99%) | ||
| One | 86 (1%) | 87 (1%) | ||
| Two | 518 (4%) | 454 (4%) | ||
| Three | 11 795 (92%) | 12 022 (93%) | ||
| Four | 233 (2%) | 240 (2%) | ||
| Data unavailable | 142 (1%) | 131 (1%) | ||
| Current smoker | 789 (6%) | 804 (6%) | ||
| Baseline symptoms | ||||
| Shortness of breath | ||||
| No problem | 6091 (48%) | 6114 (47%) | ||
| Minor problem | 4499 (35%) | 4672 (36%) | ||
| Moderate problem | 1926 (15%) | 1893 (15%) | ||
| Major problem | 258 (2%) | 255 (2%) | ||
| Fatigue | ||||
| No problem | 1245 (10%) | 1213 (9%) | ||
| Minor problem | 4708 (37%) | 4845 (37%) | ||
| Moderate problem | 5061 (40%) | 5115 (40%) | ||
| Major problem | 1760 (14%) | 1761 (14%) | ||
| Muscle ache | ||||
| No problem | 3465 (27%) | 3421 (26%) | ||
| Minor problem | 4491 (35%) | 4782 (37%) | ||
| Moderate problem | 3749 (29%) | 3671 (28%) | ||
| Major problem | 1069 (8%) | 1060 (8%) | ||
| Vomiting | ||||
| No problem | 10 402 (81%) | 10 483 (81%) | ||
| Minor problem | 1840 (14%) | 1905 (15%) | ||
| Moderate problem | 476 (4%) | 477 (4%) | ||
| Major problem | 56 (<1%) | 69 (1%) | ||
| Diarrhoea | ||||
| No problem | 10 558 (83%) | 10 709 (83%) | ||
| Minor problem | 1645 (13%) | 1676 (13%) | ||
| Moderate problem | 470 (4%) | 457 (4%) | ||
| Major problem | 101 (1%) | 92 (1%) | ||
| Loss of smell or taste | ||||
| No problem | 9034 (71%) | 9386 (73%) | ||
| Minor problem | 2475 (19%) | 2360 (18%) | ||
| Moderate problem | 821 (6%) | 798 (6%) | ||
| Major problem | 444 (3%) | 390 (3%) | ||
| Headache | ||||
| No problem | 2689 (21%) | 2811 (22%) | ||
| Minor problem | 5180 (41%) | 5211 (40%) | ||
| Moderate problem | 3767 (29%) | 3826 (30%) | ||
| Major problem | 1138 (9%) | 1086 (8%) | ||
| Dizziness | ||||
| No problem | 8412 (66%) | 8362 (65%) | ||
| Minor problem | 3076 (24%) | 3287 (25%) | ||
| Moderate problem | 1094 (9%) | 1087 (8%) | ||
| Major problem | 192 (2%) | 198 (2%) | ||
| Abdominal pain | ||||
| No problem | 10 352 (81%) | 10 419 (81%) | ||
| Minor problem | 1828 (14%) | 1915 (15%) | ||
| Moderate problem | 522 (4%) | 540 (4%) | ||
| Major problem | 72 (1%) | 60 (<1%) | ||
| Generally unwell | ||||
| No problem | 523 (4%) | 534 (4%) | ||
| Minor problem | 5013 (39%) | 5134 (40%) | ||
| Moderate problem | 5764 (45%) | 5829 (45%) | ||
| Major problem | 1474 (12%) | 1437 (11%) | ||
| Fever | ||||
| No problem | 5647 (44%) | 5757 (45%) | ||
| Minor problem | 4798 (38%) | 4942 (38%) | ||
| Moderate problem | 2103 (16%) | 2035 (16%) | ||
| Major problem | 226 (2%) | 200 (2%) | ||
| Cough | ||||
| No problem | 1408 (11%) | 1336 (10%) | ||
| Minor problem | 6132 (48%) | 6373 (49%) | ||
| Moderate problem | 4481 (35%) | 4502 (35%) | ||
| Major problem | 753 (6%) | 723 (6%) | ||
| Wellness score | 5·1 (1·7) | 5·2 (1·7) | ||
| Other people in household | ||||
| None | 1651 (13%) | 1658 (13%) | ||
| One | 6090 (48%) | 6006 (46%) | ||
| Two | 2122 (17%) | 2171 (17%) | ||
| Three | 1760 (14%) | 1973 (15%) | ||
| Four | 805 (6%) | 771 (6%) | ||
| Five or more | 346 (3%) | 355 (3%) | ||
| Taking inhaled corticosteroids | 2978 (23%) | 3150 (24%) | ||
| Taking inhaled corticosteroids for COVID-19 | 182 (1%) | 158 (1%) | ||
| Taking monoclonal antibodies for COVID-19 | 26 (<1%) | 18 (<1%) | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Any | 8803 (69%) | 8900 (69%) | ||
| Lung disease | 3000 (23%) | 3169 (25%) | ||
| Heart disease | 996 (8%) | 955 (7%) | ||
| Kidney disease | 225 (2%) | 253 (2%) | ||
| Liver disease | 159 (1%) | 143 (1%) | ||
| Neurological disease | 426 (3%) | 436 (3%) | ||
| Learning disability | 36 (<1%) | 27 (<1%) | ||
| Down's syndrome | 24 (<1%) | 29 (<1%) | ||
| Diabetes | 1478 (12%) | 1510 (12%) | ||
| Weakened immune system | 1119 (9%) | 1062 (8%) | ||
| Transplant recipient | 55 (<1%) | 70 (1%) | ||
| Obesity | 1964 (15%) | 1935 (15%) | ||
| Mental illness | 198 (2%) | 220 (2%) | ||
| Hypertension | 2864 (22%) | 2897 (22%) | ||
| Other vulnerability | 2281 (18%) | 2334 (18%) | ||
Data are mean (SD), n (%), or median (IQR).
*
Data available for 12 507 participants.
†
Data available for 12 013 participants.
‡
Risk categorisation derived from COVID-19 vaccination categories and baseline summary symptom scores based on penalised logistic regression (appendix p 145); quintile 1 corresponds to lowest risk, whereas quintile 5 corresponds to highest risk.
§
Quintile 1 corresponds to highest risk, whereas quintile 5 corresponds to lowest risk.