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Mean values of the reference line measurements (unit: cm).
| Measurements | Total (mean ± SD) | Males (mean ± SD) | Females (mean ± SD) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AP-PP length | 4.7 ± 0.7 | 5.0 ± 0.7 | 4.5 ± 0.7 | 0.002 |
| OP-DP length | 16.1 ± 1.0 | 16.3 ± 1.1 | 16.0 ± 0.9 | 0.517 |
SD: standard deviation; AP: the anterior point of the acromion; DP: the lowest point of the deltoid tuberosity; PP: the posterior point of the acromion; OP: the origin point of the reference line (x-axis).
