Mean (± standard error) implantation site concentrations of IL-1β, IL-1α, and IL-4 at 2, 5, and 14 days after subcutaneous implantation of SE or SEpvp in wild-type of IL-1R−/− mice challenged with 106 CFU S. epidermidis RP62a. There were six mice per group tested at each time point. ∗, P < 0.05 by ANOVA, ⇒, P < 0.05 for over-time levels by general linear model-ANOVA.