Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
| Demographic | Total sample (n = 28) | Experimental (CHW facilitator) group (n = 14) | Control (Non-CHW facilitator) group (n = 14) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Age in years, mean ± SD | 73.86 (8.41) | 73.79 (8.58) | 73.93 (8.57) |
| Female sex, n (%) | 21 (75) | 9 (75) | 12 (86) |
| Education in years, mean ± SD | 10.03 (4.32) | 9.57 (4.91) | 10.50 (3.76) |
| Hispanic and/or Latino, n (%) | 28 (100) | 14 (100) | 14 (100) |
| MMSE2-BV mean ± SD (range 0–16) | 14.07 (1.72) | 14.62 (1.50) | 13.50 (1.79) |
| HFPTA (dB HL) | 43.39 (12.19) | 43.71 (13.01) | 43.07 (11.81) |
| Self-reported duration of HL in years, mean ± SD | 5.3 (3.8) | 5.1 (3.7) | 5.5 (4.1) |
| Objective health literacy survey SAHL, mean ± SD (range 0 – 18) |
16.9 (1.8) | 16.5 (1.9) | 17.2 (1.8) |
| Subjective health literacy screening, mean ± SD (range 1 −5) |
3.85 (1.29) | 3.71 (1.44) | 4.0 (1.11) |
| Subjective visual acuity question, mean ± SD (range 1–5) |
3.93 (0.94) | 3.93 (0.83) | 3.93 (1.07) |
| Annual income in USD, n (%) | |||
| < $10k | 14 (50) | 6 (43) | 8 (57) |
| $10k - 20k | 10 (36) | 6 (43) | 4 (29) |
| $20k - $40k | 3 (11) | 2 (14) | 1 (0.1) |
| > $40k | 1 (.04) | 0 | 1 (0.1) |
Note. MMSE-2 BV = Mini-mental State Exam −2nd edition Brief Version (Folstein et al., 2010); HFPTA = high-frequency pure-tone average in the better ear (average at 1kHz, 2kHz, and 4kHz); HL = hearing loss; SAHL = Short Assessment of Health Literacy (Lee et al., 2010); subjective health literacy screening = validated single item question: “How confident are you filling out medical forms on your own?” Response options: 5 = extremely, 4 = quite a bit, 3 = somewhat, 2 = a little bit, or 1 = not at all (Chew et al., 2004; Wallace et al., 2006). Vision question: “How well can you see in your daily life (glasses or contacts on)?”; response options: 5 = very good, 4 = a little good, 3 = normal, 2 = little poor, 1 = very poor (Uchino et al., 2017).