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. 2022 Dec 22;5:1402. doi: 10.1038/s42003-022-04349-x

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a Combination of different markers on the surface of sEVs detected by Exo-PLA. Gating of positive signals in flow cytometry and different populations are displayed. b SF-sEVs were captured by beads coated with antibodies for specific targets identified by HRMS analyses (CRISP1, AKAP4, GAPDS, SMG1, and PTGDS), indicated for each panel, and detected with PLA probes against CD9 and CD26 markers. The abundant marker CD68 was used as capture for positive control of assay performances, the ER marker calnexin was used as negative control capture antibody. The x-axes display the concentration of samples in ng of total protein per ml. The y-axes display the differences between the threshold cycle for the real-time PCR readout of SP-PLA reactions for the samples and the threshold cycle of the negative control (assay buffer without samples). The error bars are representing standard deviation (SD), each sample was run in triplicate.