Table 4.
Characteristics of cases with CNS demyelination.
| MOGAD |
NMOSD |
Seronegative Demyelination |
p value |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of cases (%) | 11 (28.2) | 5 (12.8) | 23 (59.0) | -- |
| Demography | ||||
| Mean Age (±SD) | 41.5 (7.0) | 37.25 (19.0) | 23.1 (21.7) | 0.566 |
| Age < 25 years (%) | 0 | 2 [40] | 4(17.4) | 0.111 |
| Age 25–45 years (%) | 10(90.9) | 2 [40] | 11(47.8) | 0.038*# |
| Age 46–60 years (%) | 1(9.1) | 0 | 8(34.8) | 0.106 |
| Age > 60 years (%) | 0 | 1 [20] | 0 | – |
| Gender (Female:Male) | 4:7 | All females | 13:10 | – |
| Vaccine details | ||||
| COVIShield (ChAdOx1) (%) | 11 [100] | 3 (60.0) | 21 (91.3) | – |
| COVAXIN (BBV152) (%) | 0 | 2 (40.0) | 2 (8.7) | |
| First dose (%) | 10 (90.9) | 2 (40.0) | 17 (73.9) | 0.096 |
| Second dose (%) | 1 (9.1) | 3 (60.0) | 6 (26.1) | |
| Timelines | ||||
| Median latency from last vaccination (IQR) (days) | 13 [10–14] | 17 [14–36] | 14 [4–14] | 0.309 |
| Median interval (days) from 1st dose (IQR) | 12 [10–14] | 29.5(23.3–35.8) | 14 [5–14] | 0.097 |
| Median interval (days) from 2n dose (IQR) | 32 | 14(7.5–25) | 10.5(2.5–14) | 0.528 |
| 1st week (%) | 1(9.1) | 1 [20] | 7(30.4) | 0.379 |
| 2nd week (%) | 7(63.6) | 1 [20] | 9(39.1) | 0.211 |
| 3rd week (%) | 2(18.2) | 1 [20] | 0 | 0.096 |
| 4th week (%) | 0 | 0 | 1(4.3) | 0.700 |
| >4 week (%) | 1(9.1) | 2 [40] | 6(26.1) | 0.344 |
| Mean duration of disease (in days ± SD) | 20.5 (20.0) | 54.6 (32.6) | 23.1 (21.7) | 0.019*$ |
| Causality label | All probable | All probable | All probable | |
| Investigations | ||||
| CSF | ||||
| Pleocytosis (%) | 7/9 (77.8) | 2/5 (40.0) | 10/22 (45.5) | 0.217 |
| Protein elevation (%) | 4/9 (44.4) | 1/5 (20.0) | 9/22 (40.9) | 0.636 |
| MRI | ||||
| LETM | 6/11 (54.5) | 4/5 [80] | 9/23 (39.1) | 0.228 |
| ON | 5/11 (45.5) | – | 4/23 (17.4) | 0.081 |
| Supratentorial lesion | 4/11 (36.4) | 2/5 (40.0) | 10/23 (43.5) | 0.924 |
| Infratentorial lesion | 3/11 (27.3) | 3/5 (60.0) | 9/23 (39.1) | 0.457 |
| Outcome | ||||
| Favourable (mRS 0–1) (%) | 7/11 (63.3) | 2/5 (40.0) | 12/23 (52.2) | 0.658 |
* Denotes p value < 0.05.
$ p value of 0.023 between MOGAD and other demyelination; p value of 0.023 between NMOSD and other demyelination.
# p value of 0.014 between MOGAD and rest of the demyelination group; p value of 0.631 between NMOSD and rest of the demyelination group and 0.111 between other demyelination group and combined NMOSD and MOGAD.