TABLE 1.

Bacterial strains used in this study

Strain	Relevant characteristics	Reference
EC7372	DAEC clinical strain isolated from patient with gestational pyelonephritis, expressing Dr-II adhesin	49
TP411	DH5α recombinant strain carrying pTP411 (Ampr), encoding Dr-II adhesin	49
IH11128	DAEC clinical strain isolated from patient with pyelonephritis, expressing Dr adhesin	56
J96	UPEC clinical strain isolated from patient with pyelonephritis, hly+ cnf1+ pap+	54
DH5α/pOMEO	DH5α recombinant strain carrying pOMEO (Carbr), encoding cytolethal distending toxin (cdt+)	47
SE124	C600 recombinant strain carrying pSE124 (Kanr), encoding hemolysin (hly+)	17
MG1655	K-12 derivative	10