Table 2.
Comparison between ExPH probability at ESE and echocardiographic parameters at rest.
| Parameter | Low | Intermediate + High | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| LVEDD (mm) | 46 (42–52) | 45 (41–49) | 0.608 |
| LVESD (mm) | 28 (23–33) | 29 (21–36) | 0.891 |
| LVEDV (mL) | 106 (88–125) | 96 (77–123) | 0.426 |
| iLVEDV (mL/m2) | 36 (30–41) | 33 (27–41) | 0.516 |
| LVESV (mL) | 41 (25–46) | 35 (26–47) | 0.480 |
| iLVESV (mL/cm2) | 14 (10–16) | 12 (10–15) | 0.426 |
| LVmass (g) | 162 (136–194) | 150 (118–181) | 0.195 |
| iLVmass (g/m2) | 77 (57–94) | 66 (44–91) | 0.333 |
| LAD (mm) | 51 (42–55) | 46 (41–51) | 0.165 |
| LAV (mL) | 44 (27–50) | 31 (20–39) | 0.065 |
| iLAV (mL/m2) | 11 (8–15) | 13 (8–17) | 0.523 |
| LVEF (%) | 65 (60–70) | 62 (59–70) | 0.864 |
| E wave (cm/s) | 72 (56–85) | 71 (59–82) | 0.955 |
| A wave (cm/s) | 73 (58–84) | 69 (57–86) | 0.608 |
| Septal E wave (cm/s) | 10 (7–12) | 10 (7–12) | 0.698 |
| E/A | 0.9 (0.7–1.4) | 0.9 (0.7–1.4) | 0.622 |
| E/e′ | 7 (5–10) | 7 (6–9) | 0.855 |
| iRVESA (cm2/m2) | 4 (3–5) | 5 (3–6) | 0.284 |
| iRVEDA (cm2/m2) | 6 (5–8) | 7 (5–9) | 0.945 |
| iRVESV (mL/m2) | 5 (3–12) | 5 (1–10) | 0.855 |
| iRVEDV (mL/m2) | 15 (12–18) | 13 (9–16) | 0.380 |
| RD1 (mm) | 37 (33–40) | 34 (32–40) | 0.439 |
| RD2 (mm) | 33 (29–35) | 30 (26–34) | 0.148 |
| RD3 (mm) | 18 (17–23) | 18 (13–24) | 0.508 |
| RVOT prox (mm) | 33 (28–38) | 34 (29–35) | 0.909 |
| RVOT dist (mm) | 34 (30–38) | 33 (28–38) | 0.546 |
| Eccentricity index | 0.9 (0.9–1.1) | 0.9 (0.9–1) | 0.156 |
| Right ventricle/left ventricle basal diameter ratio | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 0.8 (0.8–0.9) | 0.558 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 21 (18–24) | 20 (17–23) | 0.186 |
| FAC (%) | 52 (45–55) | 49 (43–51) | 0.092 |
| ERV/ARV | 1.4 (0.8–1.7) | 0.9 (0.7–1.5) | 0.298 |
| ERV/e′ | 3.1 (2.3–6) | 2.8 (2.6–3.2) | 0.334 |
| SRV vel | 12 (9–14) | 13 (10–16) | 0.338 |
| SRV VTI | 2.6 (1.9–3.1) | 2.2 (1.9–3.2) | 0.866 |
| sPAP(mmHg) | 20 (18–27) | 29 (23–35) | 0.005 |
| mPAP (mmHg) | 14 (13–18) | 18 (16–22) | 0.019 |
| TR velocity (m/s) | 1.9 (1.6–2.3) | 2.3 (1.9–2.8) | 0.009 |
| Right ventricular out flow doppler acceleration (t/) | 106 (77–130) | 119 (101–139) | 0.183 |
| VCI diameter (mm) | 15 (12–16) | 16 (15–17) | 0.073 |
| Right atrial area (cm2) | 13.5 (11.1–16) | 19 (14.6–22.5) | 0.010 |
| iRAV (mL/m2) | 5 (4–7) | 6 (5–9) | 0.168 |
| VTI rvot | 15 (13.2–16.6) | 13.6 (12.2–15.3) | 0.062 |
| VRT/VTI rvot | 0.1 (0.1–0.1) | 0.2 (0.2–0.3) | 0.004 |
| TAPSE/PAPs | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | 0.230 |
| Concentric_remodeling | 0.161 | ||
| no | 14 | 11 | |
| yes | 7 | 13 | |
| Normal_geometry | 0.967 | ||
| no | 13 | 15 | |
| yes | 8 | 9 | |
| Concentric_hypertophy | 0.133 | ||
| no | 17 | 23 | |
| yes | 4 | 1 | |
| Eccentric_hypertrophy | 0.472 | ||
| no | 19 | 23 | |
| yes | 2 | 1 | |
| MR | 0.316 | ||
| no | 10 | 15 | |
| yes | 11 | 9 | |
| AO | 0.860 | ||
| no | 18 | 21 | |
| yes | 3 | 3 |
Statistics: median (IQR) or absolute frequency (sd). Abbreviations: LVEDD, left ventricle end-diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricle end-systolic diameter; LVEDV, left ventricle end-diastolic volume; LVESV, left ventricle end-sistolic volume; iLVEDV, indexed LVEDV; iLVESV, indexed LVESV; LAD, left atrial diameter; LAV, left atrial volume; iLAV, indexed LAV; LVEF, left ventricle ejection fraction; iRVESA, indexed right ventricle end-sistolic area; iRVEDA, indexed right ventricle end-diastolic area; iRVESV, indexed right ventricle end-sistolic volume; iRVEDV, indexed right ventricleend-diastolic volume; RD, right diameter; RVOT, right ventricle outflow; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane excursion; FAC, fractional area change; VTI, velocity time integral; sPAP, sistolic pulmonary arterial pressure; mPAP, mean PAP; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; IVC, inferior vena cava; iRAV, indexed right atrial volume; TRV, tricuspid regurgitation velocity; PVRI, Pulmonary Vascular Resistance Index. ExPH, exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension; ESE, stress echocardiography.