Table 2.

Material Properties of PZT patch.

Materials	Property	Unit	Value
PZT	Poisson’s ratio	µ	0.3000
	Piezoelectric strain coefficient	m/V	$-2.100\times {10}^{-10}$
	Dielectric loss factor	δ	0.0224
	Mechanical loss factor	${\mathrm{Q}}_{\mathrm{m}}$	0.0325
	Young’s modulus	$\mathrm{N}/{\mathrm{m}}^2$	$6.667 \times {10}^{10}$
Steel bar	Density	Kg/m3	7850
	Yield stress	MPa	500
	Elongation	%	18
	Ultimate tensile stress	MPa	580
Adhesive	Flexural strength	MPa	61
	Flexural modulus	MPa	4354.9
	Tensile strength	MPa	26