Table 1.
Overview of selected MBG-based systems containing biologically active ions and their exerted therapeutic actions.
| Material | Ion | Therapeutic Action | Studies | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MBG NPs | Cu2+ | Antimicrobial Angiogenic |
In vitro bacterial viability Biofilm disaggregation/dispersion |
[133] |
| MBG NPs | Cu2+ | Angiogenic Antibacterial |
Aortic Ring/CAM assay Infected 3D tissue model (S. aureus and Pseudormonas aeruginosa) Biofilm formation and disruption |
[134] |
| MBGs NPs | Cu2+ | Angiogenesis (synergic effect induced by Si, Ca, and P ions) |
In vivo zebrafish model, Subintestinal vessels (SIVs) | [138] |
| MBG scaffolds | Cu2+ | Angiogenesis/ Osteostimulation/Antibacterial |
In vitro study with hBMSCs (VEGF expression, osteogenic differentiation); E. coli viability | [38] |
| MBG NPs | Sr2+ | Osteogenesis, Anticlastogenic Anti-inflammatory |
Osteoblast-like SAOS, Mesenchymal Stem Cells In vivo studies Murine macrophage cell line |
[131,132] |
| MBG scaffolds | Sr2+ | Osteogenesis Anticlastogenic |
Osteoblast-like cells, MC3T3-E1 (ALP activity, osteogenic expression) In vivo studies |
[102,139] |
| MBG NPs | Ce3+ | Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory Osteogenic Hemostatic |
Mouse fibroblast cells, Osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells In vitro hemostasis assay, platelet adhesion |
[137,140] |
| MBG NPs | Zn2+ | Osteogenic | Osteoblast-like cells mouse Embryonic fibroblasts cells | [141] |
| MBG Meso-macroporous 3D scaffolds | Zn2+ | Antibacterial (also in synergy with antibiotics) |
Agar disk diffusion test Planktonic growth inhibition Biofilm degradation |
[142] |
| MBG NPs | Ag+ | Antibacterial (also in synergy with antibiotics) |
Planktonic bacteria model 3D tissue-engineered infected tissue model In vivo infected dental pulp tissue |
[136,143] |