Table 3.
Associations of changes in smoking-related practice with the changes in cigarette consumption since the outbreak in Hong Kong, May–June 2020 (N=659)
| Characteristics | Changes in cigarette consumption n (column %) | Reduced vs no change | Increased vs no change | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No change | Reduced | Increased | Crude model OR (95% CI) | Adjusted modela AOR (95% CI) | Crude model OR (95% CI) | Adjusted modela AOR (95% CI) | |
| Favorable changes | |||||||
| Avoided smoking on the street | |||||||
| No (Ref.) | 189 (43.8) | 46 (27.2) | 17 (44.7) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 243 (56.2) | 123 (72.8) | 21 (55.3) | 2.08 (1.41–3.07)*** | 1.91 (1.22–3.00)** | 0.96 (0.49–1.87) | 0.98 (0.44–2.16) |
| Avoided smoking with other smokers | |||||||
| No (Ref.) | 226 (52.3) | 63 (37.1) | 19 (48.7) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 206 (47.7) | 107 (62.9) | 20 (51.3) | 1.86 (1.29–2.68)** | 1.76 (1.15–2.69)* | 1.15 (0.60–2.22) | 1.09 (0.51–2.35) |
| Reduced going out to buy cigarettes | |||||||
| No (Ref.) | 332 (76.5) | 64 (37.9) | 25 (65.8) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 102 (23.5) | 105 (62.1) | 13 (34.2) | 5.34 (3.64–7.83)*** | 4.97 (3.20–7.73)*** | 1.69 (0.84–3.43) | 1.93 (0.82–4.53) |
| Unfavorable changes | |||||||
| Increased smoking at home | |||||||
| No (Ref.) | 342 (78.4) | 126 (73.7) | 13 (33.3) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 94 (21.6) | 45 (26.3) | 26 (66.7) | 1.30 (0.86–1.96) | 1.39 (0.86–2.25) | 7.28 (3.60–14.71)*** | 6.20 (2.78–13.82)*** |
| Stockpiled tobacco products | |||||||
| No (Ref.) | 356 (81.7) | 134 (79.8) | 24 (61.5) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 80 (18.3) | 34 (20.2) | 15 (38.5) | 1.13 (0.72–1.77) | 1.61 (0.95–2.74) | 2.78 (1.40–5.54)** | 2.84 (1.20–6.71)* |
a
AOR: adjusted odds ratio; adjusted for sex, age, education level, chronic disease status, heaviness of smoking, psychological distress and perceived risk of COVID-19.
*
p<0.05.
**
p<0.01.
***
p<0.001.