Table 5.

Adjusted associations between serum concentrations of reproductive hormones and mechanical ventilation in men and women hospitalized with COVID-19.

	Men			Women
	Odds ratio, adjusted* (95% CI)	P-value	Adjusted for IL-6	Odds ratio, adjusted* (95% CI)	P-value	Adjusted for IL-6
1st COVID-19 cohort
Testosterone (per two-fold reduction)	3.73 (1.67–8.36)	0.001	3.43 (1.14–10.30)	2.57 (0.78–8.49)	0.123	2.89 (0.50–16.62)
Estrone sulfate (per two-fold reduction)	0.45 (0.24–0.84)	0.012	0.87 (0.42–1.83)	1.51 (0.75–3.02)	0.248	0.75 (0.35–1.61)
LH (per two-fold reduction)	2.64 (1.35–5.16)	0.005	2.51 (1.28–4.92)	1.78 (1.06–3.01)	0.029	3.34 (1.02–10.90)
FSH(per two-fold reduction)	2.59 (1.33–5.03)	0.005	1.91 (0.87–4.23)	1.81 (1.03–3.19)	0.040	2.52 (1.01–6.27)
2nd COVID-19 cohort
Testosterone (per two-fold reduction)	2.41 (1.15–5.07)	0.020	2.13 (0.91–5.00)	1.29 (0.51–3.27)	0.591	1.93 (0.39–9.62)
Estrone sulfate (per two-fold reduction)	0.73 (0.38–1.38)	0.331	0.32 (0.12–0.99	1.814 (0.89–3.70)	0.102	0.52 (0.22–1.21)

^*Adjusted for age and presence or absence of comorbidity (hypertension, cancer, COPD, asthma, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease).

1st COVID-19 cohort, patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from March 16 to June 16, 2020; 2nd COVID-19 cohort, patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from July 25, 2020 to February 3, 2020; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; IL-6, interleukin-6; LH, luteinizing hormone.