Table 1.
Patient characteristics
|
|
Study population (n = 414)
|
Training cohort (n = 289)
|
Testing cohort (n = 125)
|
P
value
|
| Age, yr | 53.00 (45.00- 60.00) | 52.059 ± 12.190 | 53.216 ± 11.380 | 0.1988 |
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 375 (90.6) | 262 (90.7) | 113 (90.4) | 0.9196 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.50 ± 4.20 | 24.10 ± 3.20 | 24.70 ± 3.40 | 0.1889 |
| HBsAg-positive, n (%) | 375 (90.6) | 264 (91.3) | 111 (88.8) | 0.5274 |
| AFP > 7 ng/mL, n (%) | 292 (70.5) | 205 (70.9) | 87 (69.6) | 0.8761 |
| CEA > 5 ng/ml, n (%) | 31 (7.5) | 24 (8.3) | 7 (5.6) | 0.4494 |
| CA125 > 40 ng/mL, n (%) | 15 (3.6) | 8 (2.8) | 7 (5.6) | 0.2588 |
| CA199 > 34 ng/mL, n (%) | 46 (11.1) | 295 (10.0) | 17 (13.6) | 0.3738 |
| WBC count, /μL | 6262 ± 1985 | 6232 ± 1756 | 6354 ± 2125 | 0.5668 |
| ALT, U/L | 49 ± 36 | 48 ± 39 | 51 ± 41 | 0.1654 |
| AST, U/L | 51 ± 35 | 49 ± 36 | 53 ± 42 | 0.2358 |
| Liver cirrhosis, n (%) | 345 (83.3) | 244 (84.4) | 101 (80.8) | 0.3630 |
| Microvascular invasion, n (%) | 312 (75.4) | 211 (73.0) | 101 (80.8) | 0.0910 |
| Tumor size, cm | ||||
| x | 2.40 [1.70-3.68] | 2.957 ± 1.850 | 3.120 ± 2.050 | 0.3689 |
| y | 2.00 [1.42-3.10] | 2.480 ± 1.490 | 2.670 ± 1.960 | 0.4820 |
| Gray-scale echogenicity | 0.5954 | |||
| Hyperechoic | 46 (11.1) | 35 (12.1) | 11 (8.8) | |
| Medium | 4 (1.0) | 3 (1.0) | 1 (0.8) | |
| Hypoechoic | 364 (87.9) | 251 (86.9) | 113 (90.4) | |
| Arterial phase | 0.4639 | |||
| Hyperenhancement | 403 (97.3) | 283 (97.9) | 120 (96.0) | |
| Isoenhancement | 8 (1.9) | 4 (1.4) | 4 (3.2) | |
| Hypoenhancement | 3 (0.7) | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.8) | |
| Portal phase | 0.6669 | |||
| Hyperenhancement | 15 (3.5) | 12 (4.2) | 3 (2.4) | |
| Isoenhancement | 232 (56.0) | 162 (56.1) | 70 (56.0) | |
| Hypoenhancement | 167 (40.3) | 115 (39.8) | 52 (41.6) | |
| Late phase | 0.1300 | |||
| Hyperenhancement | 2 (0.5) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.8) | |
| Isoenhancement | 79 (19.1) | 46 (15.9) | 33 (90.4) | |
| Hypoenhancement | 333 (80.4) | 232 (80.3) | 101 (80.8) | |
| Enhancing capsules | 45 (10.9) | 36 (12.5) | 9 (7.2) | 0.1598 |
| Unsmooth margins | 97 (23.4) | 64 (22.19) | 33 (26.4) | 0.4168 |
| Retreatment after recurrence | 168 (40.3) | 118 (40.5) | 50 (40.0) | 0.9270 |
BMI: Body mass index; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA125: Carbohydrate antigen 125; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; BCLC: Barcelona-clinic liver cancer; WBC: White blood cell; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase.