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. 2022 Dec 5;12(12):1233. doi: 10.3390/membranes12121233

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Studied process concept for nitrogen (N) concentration at a gold mine. Calcium (Ca) removal prior to nanofiltration (NF) or reverse osmosis (RO) was carried out using sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) and oxalic acid (C₂H₂O₄). Ca was precipitated as calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and calcium oxalate (CaC₂O₄) and precipitates were removed by clarification and microfiltration (MF).