Table 4.
Association between serum zinc concentration and clinical infectious outcome throughout the first 5 years.
| Crude OR (95% CI) |
p | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 y | ||||
| Pneumonia | 1.02 (0.96–1.07) | 0.60 | 1.09 (0.95–1.2) | 0.24 |
| Croup | 1.05 (0.99–1.10) | 0.08 | 1.10 (0.97–1.24) | 0.12 |
| AOM | 1.01 (0.94–1.08) | 0.84 | 1.06 (0.96–1.18) | 0.26 |
| Enterocolitis | 0.96 (0.91–1.02) | 0.22 | 0.97 (0.91–1.03) | 0.33 |
| UTI | 0.95 (0.90–1.00) | 0.07 | 0.94 (0.88–1.00) | 0.05 |
| 3 y | ||||
| Pneumonia | 0.94 (0.90–0.98) | 0.001 | 0.94 (0.90–0.99) | 0.01 |
| Croup | 0.97 (0.93–1.01) | 0.17 | 0.97 (0.91–1.03) | 0.29 |
| AOM | 0.99 (0.96–1.03) | 0.66 | 0.99 (0.96–1.03) | 0.73 |
| Enterocolitis | 1.00 (0.98–1.03) | 0.99 | 1.00 (0.95–1.04) | 0.83 |
| UTI | 0.96 (0.92–0.99) | 0.01 | 0.97 (0.93–1.01) | 0.09 |
| 5 y | ||||
| Pneumonia | 0.99 (0.96–1.02) | 0.53 | 1.00 (0.95–1.03) | 0.59 |
| Croup | 0.96 (0.93–1.00) | 0.07 | 0.98 (0.92–1.03) | 0.38 |
| AOM | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 0.60 | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 0.68 |
| Enterocolitis | 0.96 (0.94–0.99) | 0.01 | 0.96 (0.93–0.99) | 0.02 |
| UTI | 1.03 (1.00–1.07) | 0.06 | 1.04 (1.00–1.09) | 0.06 |
Adjusted for gestational age, gender, current body weight, mode of delivery, maternal education, day-care attendance, and breastmilk duration. AOM: acute otitis media; UTI: urinary tract infection.