Table 3.

In Vitro tested liposomal TKI formulations.

TKI	Ingredients	Particle Size	Tested Human Cancer Cell Lines	Benefits	Refs.
erlotinib	lecithin, cholesterol, chitosan, anti-EGFR aptamer	70–200 nm	lung adenocarcinoma PC-9, H-1975 cells	long-term stability effective targeting ↑ drug accumulation ↑ anticancer effect	[135]
imatinib	sodium-deoxycholate, hyaluronic acid, lecithin	ca. 159 nm	HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cellsColo-320-DMF colon carcinoma	↑ cellular uptake ↑ anticancer effect	[136]
imatinib + paclitaxel	1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino(polyethylene glycol)-2000], cholesterol, folic acid, phosphatidylcholine	ca. 122 nm	MCF-7 breast cancer cellsPC-3 prostate cancer cells	↑ internalization and accumulation in cancer cells ↑ anticancer effect	[137]
imatinib + tamoxifen	1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, monopalmitoyl-2-hydroxy- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, sorbitan monooleate	ca. 168 nm	MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	synergistic inhibition ↑ anticancer effect	[138]
sorafenib	maleimide-polyethylen glycol-N-hydroxysuccinimide, soya lecithin, trimethyl chitosan, octreotide	ca. 127 nm	HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells	sustained release ↑ accumulation in cancer cells ↑ anticancer effect	[139]
sorafenib	1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, hydrogenated soya phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol	ca. 107 nm	renal carcinoma cells	sustained release ↑ cellular uptake ↑ anticancer effect	[140]
afatinib	1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero- 3-phosphoethanolamine, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammo- nium-propane chloride, cholesteryl hemisuccinate	46–57 nm	lung adenocarcinoma H-1975, H-1650, HCC-827 cells	↑ tumor-targetability induction apoptosis in H-1975 cells ↑ anticancer effect	[141]