| BERT | Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers |
| Bi-LSTM | Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory |
| BRAT | Brat Rapid Annotation Tool |
| CNN | Convolutional Neural Network |
| cTAKES | Clinical Text Analysis Knowledge Extraction System |
| ECOC | Error Correcting Output Codes |
| EHR | Electronic Health Record |
| kNN | k-Nearest Neighbours |
| MedLEE | Medical Language Extraction and Encoding |
| MLP | Multilayer Perceptron |
| NHS | National Health Service |
| NLP | Natural Language Processing |
| SVM | Support Vector Machines |
| TF-IDF | Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency |
| UIMA | Unstructured Information Management Architecture |
| UPMC | University of Pittsburgh Medical Center |