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Carboxyl formation sites in various reaction systems: (A) TEMPO oxidation, (B) Fe2+/H2O2 oxidation, (C) citric acid/HCl esterification, (D) carboxymethylation. (Adapted with permission from [42]. Copyright 2021 SpringerLink. Adapted with permission from [43]. Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society. Adapted with permission from [44]. Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society. Adapted with permission from [45]. Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society).
