Table 2.
Studies characteristics.
| Study Description | Number of Patients with Liver Diseases | Sample Characteristics | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Overall Study Characteristics (First Author, Year, Country) | Type of the Study | N Randomized | N Analyzed | Type of Liver Disease | BMI Overall | Age (Years) Mean ± SD Median (Range) |
Male (%) |
| 1 | De Oliveira J.M. et al., 2020, Brazil [26] | cross-sectional | 45 | 36 | NASH | ND | 48.38 ± 10.24 | 50 |
| 2 | Ferolla S.M. et al., 2016, Brazil [39] | RCT | 50 | 50 | NAFLD, NASH, fibrosis | >30 kg/m2 | 57.3 (25–74) | 24 |
| 3 | Fitriakusumah, Y et al., 2019, Indonesia [27] | cross-sectional | ND | 160 | NAFLD, fibrosis | >25 h) | 58 (22–78) (a) | 32.5 (b) |
| 4 | Ghetti, F.D.F et al., 2019, Brazil [40] | open label clinical trial | 44 | 40 | NASH | ND | 49.45 ± 2.4 | 52.5 |
| 5 | Ghoshal, U.C. et al., 2017, India [32] | case-control | 38 | 35 | NASH | 25.4 (20.4–37.5) (e) | 37 (20–54) | 80 |
| 6 | Guimares V.M. et al., 2020, Brazil [41] | open label clinical trial | 42 | 42 | NAFLD, fibrosis | 31.7 ± 0.8 | 55.5 ± 1.75 | 38.1 |
| 7 | Jun D. et al., 2009, Korea [31] | case-control | 53 | 53 | cirrhosis | ND | 55.1 ± 10.6 | 71.7 |
| 8 | Kapil S. et al., 2016, India [33] | case-control | 60 | 32 | NAFLD, NASH | 27.3 ± 4.3 | 38.7 ± 10.4 | 60 |
| 9 | Lira M.M.P. et al., 2020, Brazil [28] | cross-sectional | 48 | 48 | NAFLD | 29.3 (26.7–31.9) (c) 35.2 (31.4–39.0) (d) | 43.1 (38.3–47.9) (c); 53.3 (49.1–57.5) (d) |
46 |
| 10 | Miele L. et al., 2009, Italy [34] | case-control | 35 | 35 | NAFLD, NASH | 26.19 | 42 (32–54) | 86 |
| 11 | Mikolasevic I. et al., 2021, Croatia [29] | cross-sectional | 117 | 117 | NAFLD, NASH, fibrosis | 33.4 | 58.3 ± 11.7 | 47.9 |
| 12 | Rafiei R. et al., 2018, Iran [30] | cross-sectional | 98 | 98 | NAFLD | ND | 48.5 ± 12.1 | 39 |
| 13 | Sabaté J.M. et al., 2008, France [35] | case-control | 146 | 127 | severe steatosis, fibrosis, NASH | >40 | 40.7 ± 11.4 | 11.6 |
| 14 | Sajjad A. et al., 2005, United Kingdom [42] | RCT | 12 | 12 | NASH | 32 | 54 (35–69) | ND |
| 15 | Shanab A.A. et al., 2010, Ireland [36] | case-control | 18 | 18 | NASH | 30 | 51.17 ± 2.4 | 44 |
| 16 | Shi H. et al., 2021, China [37] | case-control | 103 | 103 | NAFLD | ND | 48.52 ± 12.34 | 52 |
| 17 | Wigg A.J. et al., 2001, Australia [38] | case-control | 22 | 22 | NASH, fibrosis | 30 | 54 ± 17 | 36.36 |
| 18 | Yilmaz Y. et al., 2014, Turkey [25] | cohort | 235 | 235 | NAFLD, NASH | ND | ND | 53.6 |
(a) age refers to the entire study group, i.e., patients with NAFLD (71.9%) and other metabolic diseases (28.1%); (b) number of male refers to the entire study group, i.e., patients with NAFLD (71.9%) and other metabolic diseases (28.1%); (c) for NAFLD LRAF group; (d) for NAFLD—HRAF group; (e) a total of twenty of 35 (57.1%) patients with NASH had BMI > 25 kg/m2, which has been defined as obesity in India; N = the number of all patients in the whole study, i.e., the group (with liver disease) in which the prevalence of SIBO was studied, i.e., the sum of SIBO patients and without SIBO; ND—no data.