Figure 4.
Effect of BIO-PLYTM on cytokines (mRNA or protein) in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) infected with PRRSV. Briefly, cells were infected with PRRSV for 24 h; after infection, cytokine expression was measured via RT-qPCR (shown in the left graph of each panel) and cytokine production in supernatants via multiplex (shown in the right graph of each panel). (A) IL1-β, (B) IL-4, (C) IL-6, (D) IL-10, (E) IL-12, (F) TNF-α. All experiments were performed using technical duplicates in biological replicates ranging from 3 to 5 pigs per experiment. Obtained values were normalized to the average of the mock values. Results were analyzed via two-way ANOVA and displayed showing means and standard error of mean (SEM). p-values were expressed using asterisks following APA and Prism standards. * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001, **** p ≤ 0.0001.