Table 2.
Clinical and kinematic outcome measures in the experimental and control groups before and after treatments.
| Experimental Group | Control Group | Statistics between Groups at T1 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T0 | T1 | T0 | T1 | ||||||||
| mdn | IQR | mdn | IQR | mdn Delta (%) | mdn | IQR | mdn | IQR | mdn Delta (%) | p-Value | |
| Clinical Assessment | |||||||||||
| NRS | 60 | 50–77.5 | 10 | 10–20 | −75% | 60 | 52.5–70 | 20 | 10–20 | −71.43% | 0.278 |
| Barthel index | 40 | 35–63.75 | 100 | 95–100 | 118.75% | 45 | 40–53.7 | 95 | 91–100 | 102.2% | 0.381 |
| Kinematic Gait Assessment | |||||||||||
| Cadence | 64.75 | 59.7–70 | 82.6 | 78.8–90.3 | 27.76% | 61.1 | 48–80.4 | 82.35 | 76.4–89 | 30.37% | 0.389 |
| Velocity | 0.56 | 0.5–0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7–0.8 | 39.59% | 0.57 | 0.35–0.65 | 0.74 | 0.66–0.8 | 39.69% | 0.465 |
| Cycle duration | 2.21 | 1.7–2.3 | 1.53 | 1.4–1.6 | −28.51% | 2.17 | 1.8–2.6 | 1.57 | 1.3–1.9 | −27.37% | 0.285 |
| Cycle length | 1.23 | 1.2–1.3 | 1.02 | 0.97–1.1 | −12.57% | 1.22 | 1.1–1.3 | 1.07 | 0.94–1.1 | −12.79% | 0.492 |
| Symmetry index | 72.7 | 63.5–77.9 | 87.15 | 84–92.8 | 24.64% | 74.4 | 71.5–77.5 | 84 | 80.8–85.4 | 13.25% | 0.001 * |
| Single stance support |
32.88 | 31.9–34.1 | 37.8 | 36.6–38.9 | 13.89% | 33.2 | 31.4–34.3 | 34.9 | 34.1–36.5 | 7.08% | <0.0001 * |
| Propulsion | 3.3 | 2.73–3.8 | 4.8 | 4.25–6.1 | 55.59% | 3.55 | 3.1–4.6 | 5.05 | 4.1–6.2 | 32.81% | 0.007 |
| Tilt symmetry | 74.5 | 68.2–77.4 | 90.9 | 86.2–95 | 21.87% | 77.3 | 64.3–83.2 | 93.25 | 77.4–95.6 | 18.33% | 0.009 |
| Obliquity Symmetry |
42.65 | 36.5–50.1 | 73 | 62.3–82.1 | 83.16% | 44.8 | 44.9–46.3 | 58.65 | 51.3–70.3 | 36.27% | <0.0001 * |
| Rotation symmetry | 55.60 | 44.6–85.2 | 91.1 | 70.6–95 | 33.38% | 63.5 | 61–66.5 | 76.55 | 73.9–78.7 | 20.01% | 0.087 |
Data are shown as median and Interquartile range. statistical threshold * = p < 0.005. T0 = baseline; T1 = Follow-Up; NRS: Numeric Rating Scale for Pain; IQR = interquartile range.