Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients.
| Variable | Frequency (%) N = 145 |
|---|---|
| Mean age (SD) in years | 57.9 ± 15.8 |
| Gender | |
| Male | 99 (68.3) |
| Female | 46 (31.7) |
| Race | |
| Malay | 128 (88.3) |
| Chinese | 6 (4.1) |
| Indian | 9 (6.2) |
| Others | 2 (1.4) |
| Intensive care unit admission | 84 (57.9) |
| Prior carbapenem use in the last 30 days | 58 (40.0) |
| Immunocompromised patient | 36 (24.8) |
| Presence of any comorbidity | 131 (90.3) |
| Mean (SD) Charlson comorbidity index score | 3.6 ± 2.2 |
| Type of comorbidity | |
| Hypertension | 89 (61.4) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 76 (52.4) |
| Malignancy | 28 (19.3) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 26 (17.9) |
| Dyslipidemia | 20 (13.8) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 16 (11.0) |
| Stroke | 15 (10.3) |
| Sepsis/septic shock | 93 (64.1) |
| Type of infection | |
| Pneumonia | 59 (40.7) |
| Bacteremia | 37 (25.5) |
| Skin and soft tissue infection | 20 (13.8) |
| Urinary tract infection | 19 (13.1) |
| Intra-abdominal infection | 5 (3.4) |
| Osteomyelitis | 4 (2.8) |
| Ventriculitis | 1 (0.7) |
| Acquisition type of infection | |
| Hospital-acquired | 107 (73.8) |
| Community-acquired | 38 (26.2) |
| Recent hospitalisation | 78 (53.8) |
| Recent surgery | 74 (51.0) |
| Patient’s parameters on the first day of infection | |
| Intubation | 78 (53.8) |
| Hemodynamic (ionotrope) support | 60 (41.4) |
| Fever | 48 (33.1) |
| Leucocytosis | 104 (71.7) |
| Tachycardia | 68 (46.9) |
| Mean lowest systolic blood pressure | 108 ± 22.1 |
| Mean lowest diastolic blood pressure | 61.2 ± 12.6 |
| Elevated serum creatinine | 75 (51.7) |
| Elevated serum urea | 85 (58.6) |
| Low haemoglobin level | 116 (80.0) |
| Thrombocytopenia | 32 (22.1) |
| Hypoalbuminemia | 117 (80.7) |
| Hyperbilirubinemia | 39 (26.9) |
| Elevated aspartate transaminase | 80 (55.2) |
| Elevated alanine transaminase | 55 (37.9) |
| Elevated alkaline phosphatase | 85 (58.6) |
SD: standard deviation.