Table 3.

Bivariate analysis of the association between the development of HDP, biomarkers’ levels and ABPM parameters

Variable	HDP (n = 14)	Non-HDP (n = 132)	p Value
Cytokines and biomarkers levels *
Adiponectin, (pg/ml)	10.22 ± 2.54	13.08 ± 2.93	0.06
Resistin (pg/ml)	7.43 ± 3.82	8.28 ± 3.28	0.37
PAI-1 (pg/ml)	8.04 ± 4.08	8.69 ± 3.48	0.51
NGF (pg/ml)	0.62 ± 0.84	0.73 ± 0.9	0.67
Leptin (pg/ml)	10.97 ± 0.82	10.2 ± 1.11	0.018
HGF (pg/ml)	6.65 ± 1.07	7.03 ± 1.23	0.41
MCP-1 (pg/ml)	5.24 ± 0.60	4.9 ± 0.55	0.044
TNFα (pg/ml)	0.35 ± 2.02	0.59 ± 1.13	0.49
FGF-2 (pg/ml)	3.8 ± 0.62	4.02 ± 0.63	0.22
sFlt-1 (pg/ml)	7.56 ± 0.93	7.25 ± 0.97	0.26
PIGF (pg/ml)	3.18 ± 1.79	5.1 ± 1.12	0.002
sFlt-1/PlGF ratio	4.37 ± 2.2	2.2 ± 1.43	0.003
BP parameters
24 h SBP (mmHg) *	113.1 ± 14.4	104.2 ± 7.9	0.04
24 h DBP (mmHg) *	69.7 ± 9.2	64.1 ± 5.6	0.04
Daytime SBP (mmHg) *	115.7 ± 13.4	106.7 ± 8.6	0.001
Daytime DBP (mmHg) *	72.3 ± 8.2	66.6 ± 6.0	0.002
Nocturnal SBP (mmHg) *	107.5 ± 17.5	98.7 ± 7.8	0.08
Nocturnal DBP (mmHg) *	63.5 ± 12.1	58.5 ± 5.6	0.15
Pathological circadian pattern †	9 (64.3%)	62 (46.9%)	0.17
Riser pattern †	2 (14.3%)	6 (4.5%)	0.13
Nondipper pattern †	4 (28.6%)	44 (33.3%)	0.72
Extrem dipper pattern	3 (21.4%)	12 (9.1%)	0.15
Dipper pattern †	5 (35.7%)	70 (53%)	0.22

* Data expressed as means ± standard deviation; Comparisons between different groups were done by the Student’s t– test for parametric variables and the Mann–Whitney U– test for nonparametric contrasting

^† Data expressed as n (%); comparison among groups were done using the Fisher’s exact test

HDP hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, PAI-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, NGF nerve growth factor, HGF hepatocyte growth factor, MCP-1 Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1, TNFα tumor necrosis factor alpha, FGF-2 fibroblast growth factor-2, sFlt-1 soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, PlGF placental growth factor, PB blood pressure, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure