Figure 2.

Activation of type III IFNs and downstream signaling pathways in response to viral infections. In human cells, especially in epithelial cells, mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) on peroxisomes and mitochondria promotes the expression of IFN-λ to activate the JAK/STAT pathway regulated by JAK2 and induces selective expression of IFN-λ. The figure was created using the online software “Biorender” (https://app.biorender.com/ The updated figure was created on 7 December 2022).