Table 1.
Body composition and energy metabolism values (mean ± SD) in rhythmic gymnasts (RG) and untrained controls (UC).
| Variable | RG (n = 33) | UC (n = 20) | p Value | ES |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yrs) | 16.0 ± 1.2 | 16.5 ± 1.6 | 0.202 | 0.03 |
| Age at menarche (yrs) | 13.6 ± 1.2 | 12.5 ± 0.7 | <0.0001 | 0.26 |
| Body height (cm) | 166.8 ± 5.3 | 166.8 ± 5.0 | 0.976 | 0.01 |
| Body mass (kg) | 55.7 ± 7.0 | 58.4 ± 7.4 | 0.180 | 0.04 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 20.0 ± 2.0 | 21.0 ± 2.2 | 0.100 | 0.05 |
| Body fat % | 19.5 ± 5.7 | 30.4 ± 6.2 | <0.0001 | 0.45 |
| Body fat mass (kg) | 11.2 ± 4.3 | 17.8 ± 4.8 | <0.0001 | 0.35 |
| Body lean mass (kg) | 42.2 ± 4.1 | 37.7 ± 3.7 | <0.0001 | 0.25 |
| REE (kcal/day) | 1495 ± 208 | 1520 ± 208 | 0.669 | 0.01 |
| REE/kg (kcal/day/kg LBM) | 33.4 ± 4.8 | 38.6 ± 5.0 | <0.0001 | 0.22 |
| Training volume (h/week) | 17.6 ± 5.3 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | <0.0001 | 0.76 |
| VO2peak/kg (mL/min/kg LBM) | 53.6 ± 7.7 | 48.4 ± 5.6 | 0.012 | 0.12 |
| Wmax/kg (W/kg) | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 2.3 ± 0.4 | <0.0001 | 0.41 |
ES, effect size (eta squared); BMI, body mass index; REE, resting energy expenditure; VO2peak/kg, peak oxygen consumption per kg lean body mass; Wmax/kg, maximal power output per kg body mass.