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In vitro pinocytic assay using the neutral red method on peritoneal macrophages treated with different concentrations (25–100 mg mL−1) of X. spinosum extract and fractions. N-hexane fraction showed the highest pinocytic index (263). Results are expressed as means of three independent experiments (bars) ± SEM (lines). Phagocytic index = (OD sample − OD control)/OD control × 100. (* p = 0.005) (** p = 0.003).
