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. 2022 Dec 16;15(24):8999. doi: 10.3390/ma15248999
Symbol Meaning
α1 The constant coefficient
fc The compression strength of concrete
b Width of section
x The height of compression zone
 fy The yield strength of reinforcement
As The area of reinforcement
M The flexural capacity of beam
ρs Reinforcement ratio
Mu,exp Experimental moment
Mu,pr Prediction moment
σc The concrete stress
εc The concrete strain
εc0 The compressive strain when the stress just reaches fc
εcu The ultimate compressive strain
Asi The area of i-th steel reinforcement
σsi The stress of i-th steel reinforcement
ysj The location of i-th reinforcement
ns The number of steel reinforcement
ϕ The curvature of section
L The span of beam
R The structural resistance
S The load effect
Z The limit state function
μ Model error
fck The standard value of concrete strength
fyk The standard value of reinforcement strength
γc The partial safety factor of concrete
γy The partial safety factor of reinforcement
ψ The resistance reduction factor of bearing capacity
SGk The standard value of dead load
SQk The standard value of live load
γG The partial safety factor of dead load
γQ The partial safety factor of live load
Rd The standard value resistance
Pf The failure probability
Nf The number of failure sample
N The number of MCS sample
β Reliability index