Table 4.
Comparison of emotion regulation strategies according to mindfulness experience group.
| NP-Non practitioners (N = 405) | BE-Beginners (N = 87) | AD-Advanced (N = 77) | F | p value | η2 | Post hoc test (Tukey) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||||
| CERQ adaptive | |||||||
| Acceptance | 12.7 ± 3.81 | 13.1 ± 3.32 | 14.0 ± 3.34 | 4.02 | 0.018 | 0.014 | NP < AD |
| Positive refocusing | 9.60 ± 4.06 | 10.1 ± 3.50 | 11.1 ± 4.56 | 4.84 | 0.008 | 0.016 | NP < AD |
| Refocus on planning | 12.6 ± 3.94 | 13.3 ± 3.55 | 14.1 ± 3.60 | 5.97 | 0.002 | 0.020 | NP < AD |
| Positive reappraisal | 11.9 ± 4.06 | 12.6 ± 4.01 | 13.8 ± 4.19 | 7.04 | <0.001 | 0.024 | NP < AD |
| Putting into prospective | 12.8 ± 3.81 | 13.1 ± 3.82 | 14.3 ± 3.46 | 5.13 | 0.006 | 0.017 | NP < AD |
| CERQ maladaptive | |||||||
| Self-blame | 9.41 ± 3.92 | 9.85 ± 3.78 | 8.99 ± 3.24 | 1.05 | 0.35 | 0.003 | |
| Rumination | 11.9 ± 4.19 | 13.5 ± 4.12 | 11.8 ± 3.68 | 5.74 | 0.003 | 0.019 | BE > NP, BE > AD |
| Catastrophizing | 7.52 ± 3.40 | 7.54 ± 3.00 | 6.95 ± 2.85 | 1.04 | 0.35 | 0.003 | |
| Other-blame | 7.66 ± 3.59 | 7.49 ± 2.79 | 7.31 ± 2.66 | 0.42 | 0.65 | 0.001 |