Table 4.
Risk factors for symptomatic COVID-19 in inflammatory bowel disease patients. IBD: inflammatory bowel disease. * The cases and controls were paired based on age, sex, disease type and hospital of reference.
| Multivariate Analysis * | ||
|---|---|---|
| Covariates | Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | p-Value |
| Family history of IBD | 1.15 (0.9–1.5) | 0.291 |
| Active smoking | 0.74 (0.4–1.04) | 0.647 |
| Charlson score | ||
| Mild (one–two) | 1.2 (0.7–2.2) | 0.518 |
| Moderate (three–four) | 2.7 (1.3–5.9) | 0.011 |
| Severe (five or more) | 4.7 (1.7–12.7) | 0.002 |
| Occupational Risk | 2.8 (1.8–4.4) | <0.0001 |
| Total lockdown since the start of the state of alarm | 0.1 (0.09–0.2) | <0.0001 |
| Systemic steroids | 1.6 (0.8–3.1) | 0.203 |
| 5-aminosalycilates | 1.7 (1.2–2.5) | 0.004 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 0.6 (0.08–5.2) | 0.688 |