Table 2.
Gut microbiota catabolites identified after 5 and 24 h faecal fermentation of monomeric and oligomeric flavan‐3‐ols
| Molecular weight (Da) | Gut microbiota catabolites |
|---|---|
| Fission catabolites of oligomers | |
| Dimers | |
| Derived from catabolic pathway of dimer A2 | |
| 578 | 1 fission dimer A2, form 1 |
| Derived from catabolic pathway of dimer B2 | |
| 580 | 1 fission dimer B2, form 1 |
| 582 | 2 fission dimer B2, form 1 |
| Trimers | |
| Derived from catabolic pathway of trimer AA | |
| 864 | 1 fission trimer AA, form 1 |
| 864 | 1 fission trimer AA, form 2 |
| Derived from catabolic pathway of trimer AB | |
| 866 | 1 fission trimer AB, form 1 |
| 866 | 1 fission trimer AB, form 2 |
| Derived from catabolic pathway of trimer BB | |
| 868 | 1 fission trimer BB, form 1 |
| 870 | 2 fission trimer BB, form 1 |
| Tetramers | |
| Derived from catabolic pathway of tetramer BBB | |
| 1156 | 1 fission tetramer BBB, form 1 |
| 1156 | 1 fission tetramer BBB, form 2 |
| 1156 | 1 fission tetramer BBB, form 3 |
| 1158 | 2 fission tetramer BBB, form 1 |
| 1160 | 3 fission tetramer BBB, form 1 |
| 1162 | 4 fission tetramer BBB, form 1 |
| Diphenylpropan‐2‐ols | |
| 276 | 1‐(Hydroxyphenyl)‐3‐(2″,4″,6″‐trihydroxyphenyl)‐propan‐2‐ol |
| 292 | 1‐(3′,5′‐Dihydroxyphenyl)‐3‐(2″,4″,6″‐trihydroxyphenyl)‐propan‐2‐ol |
| 292 | 1‐(3′,4′‐Dihydroxyphenyl)‐3‐(2″,4″,6″‐trihydroxyphenyl)‐propan‐2‐ol |
| Phenyl‐γ‐valerolactones | |
| 192 | 5‐(4′‐Hydroxyphenyl)‐γ‐valerolactone |
| 192 | 5‐(3′‐Hydroxyphenyl)‐γ‐valerolactone |
| 208 | 5‐(3′,5′‐Dihydroxyphenyl)‐γ‐valerolactone |
| 208 | 5‐(3′,4′‐Dihydroxyphenyl)‐γ‐valerolactone |
| Phenylvaleric acids | |
| 194 | 5‐(3′‐Hydroxyphenyl)valeric acid |
| 210 | 4‐Hydroxy‐5‐(hydroxyphenyl)valeric acid |
| 210 | 5‐(3′,5′‐Dihydroxyphenyl)valeric acid |
| 210 | 5‐(3′,4′‐Dihydroxyphenyl)valeric acid |
| Phenylpropanoic acids | |
| 166 | 3‐(3′‐Hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid |
| 182 | 3‐(3′,5′‐Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid |
| Benzoic acid | |
| 170 | 3,4,5‐Trihydroxybenzoic acid |
| Benzene derivative | |
| 126 | Benzene‐1,2,3‐triol |
| Monomer unit | |
| 290 | (−)‐Epicatechin |
| Dimer unit | |
| 564 | Theaflavin |